Many who write about and engage in practitioner research view it as a single concept that calls for the PK-12 educator to follow a distinct set of principles and carry out a particular set of procedures. In fact, there are a variety of types of practitioner inquiry, with different purposes, principles, and processes. My purpose in this article is to describe five different types of research, all of which are viable options for practitioner inquiry, with the most appropriate model for an individual, group, or school depending on organizational context, educational needs, and practitioner preference. Along the way, I will provide realworld examples of each type of research. Many of the examples will come from my own work with practitioners, others from the literature. Since my purpose is to provide an overview of each type of research as its developers intended it to be used, I have chosen successful research for my examples. I will focus primarily on distinct approaches to practitioner inquiry based on each approach's purpose; however in the examples I give of practitioners using the various approaches I will include illustrations of research being carried out by teachers, leaders, and teachers and leaders together; with and without outside facilitators; and at the classroom, small-group, and whole-school level. Pragmatic Research Pragmatic practitioner research is not identified as such merely because is practical (as all practitioner research should be), but rather because it is based on the educational philosophy of pragmatism as espoused by Peirce, James, and especially Dewey (Hammond, 2013; Stark, 2014). The dual purpose of pragmatic practitioner research is to solve a concrete problem and to develop new knowledge through the problem-solving process that will improve future practice. A problem is defined as an individual or group experiencing dissonance between the desired situation and reality (Demetrion, 2000). In pragmatic research the individual or group identifies a problem and acts on the problem by gathering data, reflecting on that data, hypothesizing a solution, testing the solution, gathering data on the effects of the improvement effort, and making necessary adjustments. Consistent with Dewey's philosophy, pragmatic action research connects action and reflection throughout the research cycle. Dewey argued that authentic experimentation, reflection, and knowledge creation require a democratic environment, and research on pragmatic practitioner inquiry has borne this out: schools with democratic leadership have been more successful in their efforts at pragmatic research than those with authoritarian leadership (Gordon, Stiegelbauer, & Diehl, 2008). Pragmatic practitioner research also embraces the pragmatist belief that one's environment is constantly changing and thus problem solving and the generation of new knowledge must be continuous; in schools that fully embrace pragmatic action research, it is ongoing, with new cycles of action research initiated to address new problems. Pragmatic practitione...