Using of infrared spectroscopy to study the survival and injury of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni and Pseudomonas aeruginosa under cold stress in low nutrient media

Lu, Xiaonan; Liu, Qian; Wu, Di; Al-Qadiri, Hamzah M.; Al-Alami, Nivin; Kang, Dong‐Hyun; Shin, Jungyeop; Tang, Juming; Jabal, Jamie M. F.; Aston, Eric; Rasco, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.fm.2010.11.002

Cited by 66 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…Region I (3000-2800 cm -1 ) represents cell membrane fatty acids, with three noticeable peaks (2960, 2925, and 2860 cm -1 ) [11, 14]. Region II (1700-1500 cm -1 ) shows amide I (1650 cm -1 ) and amide II (1550 cm -1 ) bands of proteins and peptides [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The infrared spectra of bacterial cells is able to reveal the biochemical composition of their cellular constituents which include the cell wall and membrane (composed of phospholipid bilayer, peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides), and the cytoplasm (fatty acids, water, nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides) [14, 15]. This technique not only offers a rapid and non-invasive alternative to study changes or injury that takes place in bacterial cells, but it also requires minimal sample preparation [11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14] used it to detect internal cellular changes in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium induced by exposure to antimicrobial compounds. Sub lethal thermal injury in S. enterica and Listeria monocytogenes , and cold stress injury in Campylobacter jejuni and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have also been identified using FT-IR spectroscopy [11, 15]. Furthermore, it has been used to study chlorine-injured P. aeruginosa and Escherichia coli in water, radical induced damage of Micrococcus luteus and heat-killed E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and flow cytometric assessment of the antibacterial mechanism of action of aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) against selected probiotic Bifidobacterium strains

Booyens

Thantsha

2014

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundIt is generally reported that garlic (Allium sativum) harms pathogenic but not beneficial bacteria. Although numerous studies supporting the alleged garlic effects on pathogens are available, there are limited studies to prove this claim for beneficial bacteria. We have recently shown that garlic exhibits antibacterial activity against probiotic bifidobacteria. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the mechanism of action of garlic clove extract (GCE) on Bifidobacterium bifidum LMG 11041, B. longum LMG 13197 and B. lactis Bb12 using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and flow cytometry.MethodsCultures (1 × 108 CFU ml-1) were individually incubated for 6 h at 37°C in garlic clove extract containing allicin at a corresponding predetermined minimum bactericidal concentration for each strain. For FTIR, an aliquot of each culture was deposited on CaF2 slide and vacuum dried. The slides were immediately viewed using a Bruker Vertex 70 V FT-IR spectrometer equipped with a Hyperion microscope and data analyzed using OPUS software (version 6, Bruker). Spectra were smoothed with a Savitsky-Goly function algorithim, base-line corrected and normalized. Samples for flow cytometry were stained using the Live/Dead BacLight bacterial viability kit L7012. Data compensation and analysis was performed using a BD FACSAria and FlowJo (version 7.6.1).ResultsFourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed changes in spectral features of lipids and fatty acids in cell membranes, proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids. Spectral data as per principle component analysis (PCA) revealed segregation of control and GCE-treated cells for all the tested bifidobacteria. Flow cytometry not only showed increase in numbers of membrane damaged and possibly lysed cells after GCE treatment, but also displayed diffuse light scatter patterns for GCE treated cells, which is evidence for changes to the size, granularity and molecular content of the cells.ConclusionGarlic has multiple target sites in bifidobacteria, penetrating the cell membrane and entering the cytoplasm, where it causes changes to carbohydrates, fatty acids, proteins and nucleic acids. These changes, for example, modification of membrane properties, may prevent exposed bifidobacteria from colonizing the intestinal mucosa. Loss of colonization potential would render them less efficient as probiotics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and flow cytometric assessment of the antibacterial mechanism of action of aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) against selected probiotic Bifidobacterium strains

Booyens

Thantsha

2014

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…Therefore, it is vitally important to control or prevent the growth of pathogens in milk and other foods at temperatures above refrigeration temperature. Many studies assessed the growth and survival of E. coli O157:H7 at low temperature (Wang et al, 1998;Elhanafi et al, 2004;Mutaku et al, 2005;Lu et al, 2011), but mechanisms regulating its growth at low temperature remain poorly understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that PNPase is required for cold adaptation of several examined pathogens and generic E. coli (Goverde et al, 1998;Haddad et al, 2009), through selectively degrading cold shock mRNAs at the end of the acclimation phase, further promoting the growth of generic E. coli (Yamanaka et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Is Required forEscherichia coliO157:H7 Growth Above Refrigerated Temperature

McCormick

Means

et al. 2014

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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“…Raman spectroscopy is based on vibrational spectroscopy and can be applied to characterize the biochemical components of bacterial cell membranes (33) and bacterial metabolites (34); thus, it is a reasonable technological tool to determine bacterial stress and injury in response to unfavorable environmental conditions. In fact, we have recently conducted vibrational spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analyses to determine bacterial stress and injury induced by cold and freezing storage (35) and by the presence of metal oxide nanoparticles (36) and of bioactive compounds derived from plants (18,24,31).…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigating the Responses of Cronobacter sakazakii to Garlic-Drived Organosulfur Compounds: a Systematic Study of Pathogenic-Bacterium Injury by Use of High-Throughput Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing and Confocal Micro-Raman Spectroscopy

Feng

Eucker

Holly

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We present the results of a study using high-throughput whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and vibrational spectroscopy to characterize and fingerprint pathogenic-bacterium injury under conditions of unfavorable stress. Two garlic-derived organosulfur compounds were found to be highly effective antimicrobial compounds against Cronobacter sakazakii, a leading pathogen associated with invasive infection of infants and causing meningitis, necrotizing entercolitis, and bacteremia. RNA-seq shows changes in gene expression patterns and transcriptomic response, while confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy characterizes macromolecular changes in the bacterial cell resulting from this chemical stress. RNA-seq analyses showed that the bacterial response to ajoene differed from the response to diallyl sulfide. Specifically, ajoene caused downregulation of motility-related genes, while diallyl sulfide treatment caused an increased expression of cell wall synthesis genes. Confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy revealed that the two compounds appear to have the same phase I antimicrobial mechanism of binding to thiol-containing proteins/enzymes in bacterial cells generating a disulfide stretching band but different phase II antimicrobial mechanisms, showing alterations in the secondary structures of proteins in two different ways. Diallyl sulfide primarily altered the ␣-helix and ␤-sheet, as reflected in changes in amide I, while ajoene altered the structures containing phenylalanine and tyrosine. Bayesian probability analysis validated the ability of principal component analysis to differentiate treated and control C. sakazakii cells. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed cell injury, showing significant morphological variations in cells following treatments by these two compounds. Findings from this study aid in the development of effective intervention strategies to reduce the risk of C. sakazakii contamination in the food production environment and on food contact surfaces, reducing the risks to susceptible consumers. Cronobacter sakazakii is a motile, nonsporeforming Gram-negative facultative anaerobe (1). It was noted to be an opportunistic pathogen responsible for life-threatening forms of meningitis, sepsis, necrotizing colitis, bacteremia, and meningoencephalitis in preterm neonates and infants (2-6). The mortality rate for neonatal infections has been reported to be as high as 80% (7). C. sakazakii infections may also result in severe neurological sequelae such as hydrocephalus, quadriplegia, and retarded neural development in survivors (8). Epidemiological studies implicated powdered infant formula as a primary source of transmission (6); indeed, this bacterium was detected in 2.4% to 14.2% of powdered infant formula products (5). Antibiotic therapy with a combination of ampicillin and gentamicin is an efficient method to treat C. sakazakii infections (4). However, the emergence of strains resistant to antibiotics has led the design and use of novel antimicrobials. In recent years, plant-derivedbiologicallyactivecompo...

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Using of infrared spectroscopy to study the survival and injury of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni and Pseudomonas aeruginosa under cold stress in low nutrient media

Cited by 66 publications

References 58 publications

Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and flow cytometric assessment of the antibacterial mechanism of action of aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) against selected probiotic Bifidobacterium strains

Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and flow cytometric assessment of the antibacterial mechanism of action of aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum) against selected probiotic Bifidobacterium strains

Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Is Required forEscherichia coliO157:H7 Growth Above Refrigerated Temperature

Investigating the Responses of Cronobacter sakazakii to Garlic-Drived Organosulfur Compounds: a Systematic Study of Pathogenic-Bacterium Injury by Use of High-Throughput Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing and Confocal Micro-Raman Spectroscopy

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