Using refraction during interferometry of plasma

An Application of Microwaves Refraction for Inhomogeneous Plasma Diagnostic

“…Two methods based on refraction was proposed [41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. The first one is a method of plasma interferometry [41][42][43][44][45].…”

“…Two methods based on refraction was proposed [41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. The first one is a method of plasma interferometry [41][42][43][44][45]. The second one is the method of determining local inhomogeneities of rotating plasma density via microwave refraction [46,47].…”

“…Plasma interferometry at the oblique probing was considered in the works [41][42][43][44][45]. It was shown, that in the case of cylindrical symmetry when the additional phase due to reflection is taking into account, the phase of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the plasma is defined as [44]:…”

“…The calculations of the phase shifts [44,45] at the probing through the plasma formation center and at the oblique probing showed that, in the latter case, the phase shift is observed both at N cr > N max and at N cr < N max . In the case N cr < N max , the phase shift takes place to a certain N maxvalue, when the microwave rays do not hit the receiving horn antenna.…”

“…In the case N cr < N max , the phase shift takes place to a certain N maxvalue, when the microwave rays do not hit the receiving horn antenna. For the interferometry method [44,45], based on the refraction of microwaves, two interferometers were used simultaneously. One interferometer, during normal probing, determined the plasma density across the plasma formation, and the second interferometer, with oblique probing at an angle 60º [41,43,44], at an angle 60 and 120º degrees [45], measured phase shifts of microwaves transmitted in the peripheral plasma layers.…”