Using serum s100-β protein as a biomarker for comparing silent brain injury in carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting

Alserr, Ayman H. K.; Elwan, Hussein; Antonopoulos, Constantine N.; Abdelreheem, Amr; Elmahdy, Hossam; Sayed, Ahmed El; Taha, Ahmed; Maratou, Eirini; Brountzos, Elias; Khairy, Hussein; Liapis, Christos D.

doi:10.23736/s0392-9590.19.04079-3

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Inflammatory biomarkers have been shown to be useful in carotid revascularization procedures. By looking at the serum S100 protein levels, which is a marker of cerebral injury, it has been demonstrated patients with vulnerable plaques have higher blood levels of the former and was more pronounced in patients undergoing CAS (39). A prospective cohort including 225 patients with severe CS undergoing CAS also showed that elevated TNF levels correlated with the occurrence of new DWI lesions post-surgery (40).…”

Section: Comparison Of the Effects Of Carotid Endarterectomy (Cea) And Carotid Artery Stenting (Cas) Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid artery stenosis and inflammatory biomarkers: the role of inflammation-induced immunological responses affecting the vascular systems

et al. 2020

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The death, disability and economic cost of stroke are enormous. Indeed, among the 16 million people worldwide who suffer a stroke' annually, nearly six million die, and another five million are left permanently disabled making prevention of stroke one of the most important priorities in healthcare.Currently carotid artery stenosis (CS) or narrowing of the common carotid artery (CCA) or internal carotid artery (ICA) due to atherosclerotic plaque, accounts for 20-30% of all ischemic strokes. Atherosclerosis is now regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease in response to vascular compromise especially from hypertension. This has long been known to lead to inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation in the blood vessels. This mini-review aims to highlight the role of inflammation and neuro-immunological processes in carotid artery disease. Various cellular elements of inflammation and advanced imaging techniques have been identified as potential markers of plaque progression. Therapies related to decreasing and modulating immune-responsive inflammation in the carotid vessels have been shown to translate into decreased occurrence of acute neurologic events and improvement of clinical outcomes.

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Section: Comparison Of the Effects Of Carotid Endarterectomy (Cea) And Carotid Artery Stenting (Cas) Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid artery stenosis and inflammatory biomarkers: the role of inflammation-induced immunological responses affecting the vascular systems

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Biomarker of Cerebral Injury S100 During Carotid Endarterectomy"

Makovec¹

2022

BJSTR

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Background:The aim of this pilot investigation was to see if a raised serum S100B level or a decrease in rSO 2 following carotid revascularization with CEA might be used to detect neurological instability in CEA patients. Increased serum S100B levels during CEA, we hypothesized, would be linked to neurological symptoms after surgery. Patients and methods: A total of 64 consecutive CEAs in 60 patients operated under LA (local anesthesia) during an 18-month period were prospectively evaluated. The cerebral oximeter was used to measure cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) before and after cross-clamping along with serum. concentration of S100B protein. Selective shunting was performed when neurological changes occurred, regardless of NIRS. Results:The neurological symptoms that occurred after clamping correlated with an increase in the serum level of S100B (P = .040). The cut-off of 22.5% of S100B increase was determined to be optimal for identifying patients with neurological symptoms. There was no correlation between rSO 2 decline and neurological symptoms (P = .675). Two (3.1%) perioperative strokes occurred.Conclusions: Awake neuromonitoring has been found to provide a sensitive and direct evaluation of brain tissue perfusion and is specific to CEA under LA. Although there was a favourable connection between CEA and an increase in serum S100B protein, due to the long assessment time, serum S100B monitoring was not practicable (usually 3 hours).

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“…Fifteen minutes after carotid artery blockage, S100B levels in the jugular bulbus were considerably higher compared to baseline values. Some studies linked slight cerebral injuies following CEA and a large increase in serum S100B levels [13,14]. Several studies have found a large increase in S100B levels after declamping [15,16], followed by a reduction in S100B levels 24 hours later [10,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%