Using solid phase micro extraction to determine salting-out (Setschenow) constants for hydrophobic organic chemicals

Jonker, Michiel T. O.; Muijs, Barry

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.04.041

Cited by 70 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Furthermore, k s values are lower in POM than in PDMS. This is comparable to the results obtained by Jonker and Muijs (2010) in which they also found smaller change for POM partitioning than in PDMS for log K d values at varying ionic strength.…”

Section: Effect Of Ionic Strength and Dissolved Organic Mattersupporting

confidence: 93%

“…For 1 M ionic concentration, the K d values shifted up to 0.2 log units. A study by Jonker and Muijs (2010) for PDMS-partitioning on most PAH compounds also showed an increase in log K d with increasing concentration of dissolved salt. Additionally, experimental results suggests that a steeper slope can be obtained with decreasing log K d value.…”

Section: Effect Of Ionic Strength and Dissolved Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 88%

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Kinetics and equilibrium partitioning of dissolved BTEX in PDMS and POM sheets

Nam

Bonifacio

Kwon

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Passive sampling of volatile organic chemicals from soil and groundwater is primarily important in assessing the status of environmental contamination. A group of low molecular weight pollutants usually found in petroleum fuels, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) was studied for its kinetics and equilibrium partitioning with single-phase passive samplers using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyoxymethylene (POM) as sorbing phase. PDMS (1 mm) and POM (0.076 mm) sheets were used for sorption of BTEX and concentrations were analyzed using GC-FID. The equilibrium absorption and desorption of PDMS in water was achieved after 120 min while POM sheets absorbed up to 35 days and desorbed in 7 days. The kinetic rate constants in PDMS is higher than in POM up to 3 orders of magnitude. Logarithms of partition coefficient were determined to be in the range of 1.6-2.8 for PDMS and 2.1-3.1 for POM. The results indicate that POM is a stronger sorbent for BTEX and has slower equilibration time than PDMS. The partitioning process for both polymers was found to be enthalpy-driven by measurement of K d values at varying temperatures. K d values increase at low temperature and high ionic strength conditions. Presence of other gasoline components, as well as dissolved organic matter, did not significantly affect equilibrium partitioning. A good 1:1 correlation between the measured and the predicted concentrations was established on testing the potential application of the constructed PDMS sampler on natural soils and artificial soils spiked with gasoline-contaminated water.

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Section: Effect Of Ionic Strength and Dissolved Organic Mattersupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Effect Of Ionic Strength and Dissolved Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 88%

Kinetics and equilibrium partitioning of dissolved BTEX in PDMS and POM sheets

Nam

Bonifacio

Kwon

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…In seawater, NaCl is largely responsible for the salting-out effect [35], and in NaCl solution, the salting-out effect increases with the molecular size and decreases with the polarity of the chemical [34]. The available data and models indicate that the sorption coefficients for HOCs in seawater can be higher by up to a factor of 2 in comparison to their K pw in pure water [34,36]. Thus, the effect of salt in seawater is rather minor.…”

Section: Influences Of External Conditions On the Sorption Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 87%

Sorption of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds to Plastics in the Marine Environment: Equilibrium

Endo

Koelmans

2016

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Marine plastics have shown to contain various environmental chemicals. For evaluating the potential of plastics to influence regional and global dynamics of these chemicals and to serve as a vector to marine biota, understanding of sorption and desorption of chemicals by plastics is important. In this chapter, the equilibrium sorption of neutral organic chemicals from water to plastics is discussed. First, the basic principles of equilibrium sorption are explained, and then, factors that influence the magnitude of the sorption coefficient, such as types of plastics and chemicals, temperature, coexisting organic and inorganic constituents in water, are overviewed. Successively, effects on the equilibrium sorption properties of field-relevant mechanisms such as degradation and biofouling as well as nanosized plastics are discussed. It is evident that studies on sorption properties of aged plastics in field conditions are far less available than those of intact plastics in laboratory conditions.

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“…Remarkably, this factor is significantly (t-test) smaller than the one derived for PDMS-coated SPME fibers, which measured 0.0053 ± 0.00042 based on the data for all PAHs. 16 The same applies to the Setschenow (salting out) constants calculated on the basis of both data sets: whereas the previously derived averaged value measured 0.35 L/mol, 16 the currently derived averaged value is 0.19 L/mol. The cause of this discrepancy is not clear, since both studies were performed in one lab, using the same salts and a similar experimental setup.…”

Section: Environmental Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 96%

Quantifying the Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Partitioning of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals to Silicone Rubber Passive Samplers

Jonker

Heijden

Kotte³

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Nowadays, passive sampling is a widely applied technique to determine freely dissolved aqueous concentrations of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Crucial to the measurements are sampler-water partition coefficients, which are generally determined in the laboratory under "standard conditions" (in freshwater at 20 °C). Theoretically, however, the coefficients are dependent on environmental conditions, such as temperature and salinity. Yet, there are insufficient experimental data in the scientific literature to prove this for different polymers. Several polymers are already being applied during field monitoring, however, and neglecting any effects may lead to imprecise results. In the present study, we therefore quantified the effects of temperature and salinity on the sampler-water partition coefficients of PAHs and PCBs for silicone rubber, a material used in Dutch passive sampling monitoring campaigns. The results demonstrated a chemical-specific and hydrophobicity-dependent temperature effect, being independent of salinity, and a chemical- and temperature-independent salinity effect. Based on the obtained data, location-specific silicone rubber-water partition coefficients (Ksr-w; adjusted for temperature and salinity) can be calculated. The impact of applying such location-specific values was demonstrated using the Dutch passive sampling field monitoring database, covering ten years of PAH and PCB data for several locations. Adjusting the Ksr-w values resulted in aqueous concentrations that were lowered by a factor of 1.6 on average. The reduction was rather constant because of the manner of sampling (under nonequilibrium conditions and using performance reference compounds) and calculating. When sampling under equilibrium conditions in seawater at temperatures at about freezing, and/or applying different calculation approaches, the adjustment effect can potentially increase up to a factor of about 5-6 for the more hydrophobic PAHs and PCBs. Although this study exclusively focused on silicone rubber, qualitatively the results will also apply to other passive sampling materials.

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Using solid phase micro extraction to determine salting-out (Setschenow) constants for hydrophobic organic chemicals

Cited by 70 publications

References 19 publications

Kinetics and equilibrium partitioning of dissolved BTEX in PDMS and POM sheets

Kinetics and equilibrium partitioning of dissolved BTEX in PDMS and POM sheets

Sorption of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds to Plastics in the Marine Environment: Equilibrium

Quantifying the Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Partitioning of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals to Silicone Rubber Passive Samplers

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