“…There are many studies confirming the effectiveness of employing databases in educational curricula, as these contribute to the development of students' achievements, attitudes, and skills in many instructional fields including academic writing, laboratory work, analysis, thinking, and technical fields. Databases also encourage students to progress along the learning process independently, and enhance learning outcomes, and these contributions are due to the ability of databases to support the processes of preservation and retrieval, allowing different levels of student to participate and challenge themselves in completing the tasks assigned to them within a framework of independence and self-reliance; to facilitate students' collaboration in classroom projects; to develop the teaching performance of the teacher by allowing him/her to follow the progress of students while providing appropriate support to each student separately; and sharing resources that are new and that can support the course content (Brinkerhoff, Klein, Brush, & Saye, 2005;Horst & Cobb, 2005;Mery, DeFrain, Kline, & Sult, 2014;Priore Jr & Giannini, 2007;Seyed-Abbassi, King, & Wiseman, 2007;So, Pow, & Hung, 2009;Wackerly et al, 2009;Zabudsky, 2000). Comerford et al (2019) also indicated the effectiveness of e-learning programs based on databases in improving the flipped classroom learning environment.…”