Using the Constant Comparative Method in the Foreign Classroom: Shopping as a Social Problem in Romania

Taking a Critical Pedagogical Look at Travel-Study Abroad: “A Classroom with a View” in Cusco, Peru

“…Second, others limit travel-study to within the United States (Forster and Prinz 1988;Schmid and Buechler 1991) or to Englishspeaking nations, such as England (Halsey 1990;Kain and D'Andrea 1992). Third, some professors travel to non-Englishspeaking nations where the local foreign students understand, speak, and write English (Jobes et al 1997) or keep students in situations that do not require mastering the local language, relying on lectures delivered in English and English-speaking guides. Finally, some provide on-site language training in the non-English-speaking nation itself (Lessor, Reeves, and Andrade 1997;Wagenaar and Subedi 1996).…”

A Bag for All Systems: Historicizing Shopping Bags in Eastern European Consumer Culture, 1980–2000

“…86 A 1996 survey discovered that many Romanian shoppers brought plastic bags with them to shops anyway, just in case the store ran out. 87 Thus, despite the practice's association with communism, the ubiquitous, 'just-in-case' bags (of either material) did not disappear from the arms of Eastern Europeans when state socialism collapsed in 1989. Among Western observers, plastic shopping bags functioned simultaneously to demarcate entry into capitalism and continued legacies of communism and thus a rhetorical means to encapsulate the complexities of transformation.…”