Using the green purchase method to help farmers escape the poverty trap in semiarid China

Cao, Shixiong; Zheng, Xinyi; Chen, Li; Ma, Hua; Xia, Jiangzhou

doi:10.1007/s13593-017-0420-3

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…4), including place and livelihood detachment, food or tenure insecurity risks, deteriorating social relations or the emergence of conflict, and the loss of cultural practices, which may disproportionately harm vulnerable social groups (Xu et al 2009, Celentano et al 2014. For example, a case presented as positive for both well-being and conservation involved the relocation of communities by the Chinese State to allow for forests to regenerate, which, eventually, they did (Cao et al 2017). The communities were offered incentives to take up alternative livelihoods, often involving migration to urban areas, which was concluded to have enhanced people's income-earning potential.…”

Section: Imposed Conservation Can Be Ecologically Effective But At Great Social and Financial Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

Dawson¹,

Coolsaet²,

Sterling³

et al. 2021

E&S

518

148

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Debate about what proportion of the Earth to protect often overshadows the question of how nature should be conserved and by whom. We present a systematic review and narrative synthesis of 169 publications investigating how different forms of governance influence conservation outcomes, paying particular attention to the role played by Indigenous peoples and local communities. We find a stark contrast between the outcomes produced by externally controlled conservation, and those produced by locally controlled efforts. Crucially, most studies presenting positive outcomes for both well-being and conservation come from cases where Indigenous peoples and local communities play a central role, such as when they have substantial influence over decision making or when local institutions regulating tenure form a recognized part of governance. In contrast, when interventions are controlled by external organizations and involve strategies to change local practices and supersede customary institutions, they tend to result in relatively ineffective conservation at the same time as producing negative social outcomes. Our findings suggest that equitable conservation, which empowers and supports the environmental stewardship of Indigenous peoples and local communities represents the primary pathway to effective long-term conservation of biodiversity, particularly when upheld in wider law and policy. Whether for protected areas in biodiversity hotspots or restoration of highly modified ecosystems, whether involving highly traditional or diverse and dynamic local communities, conservation can become more effective through an increased focus on governance type and quality, and fostering solutions that reinforce the role, capacity, and rights of Indigenous peoples and local communities. We detail how to enact progressive governance transitions through recommendations for conservation policy, with immediate relevance for how to achieve the next decade's conservation targets under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity.

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Section: Imposed Conservation Can Be Ecologically Effective But At Great Social and Financial Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

Dawson¹,

Coolsaet²,

Sterling³

et al. 2021

E&S

518

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…and Davidia involucrata , which were likely shaped by both pre‐Quaternary and Pleistocene climatic changes (Sun et al., 2015; Xiong, Xiao, et al., 2019). However, the main adaptive management goals of current conservation policies are to expand the coverage of the protected area and establish regular patrols coupled to decentralized household monitoring (Cao et al., 2017). None of these methods can help to protect rare species (Brockerhoff et al., 2013) in GPNP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial heterogeneity of tree diversity response to climate warming in montane forests

Luo

Xiong

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…From 1999 to 2016, the area in which soil and water conservation had been implemented amounted to 2.9 × 10 3 km 2 , the area of fruit trees and other economic forests reached 869 km 2 , the vegetation cover increased by 29.1%, and the vegetation growth rate was twice the average for the rest of Shaanxi Province. Sales of this fruit accounted for 66.9% of total rural income, and the per capita income of residents increased to 10.6 × 10 3 RMB in 2016 (Cao, Zheng, et al, 2017).…”

Section: Yan'an: Soil and Water Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meeting this goal can interfere with the driving forces that increase degradation and strengthen the poverty trap. This could be accomplished by promoting the development of green industries that both increase income and improve the livelihood of residents of programme areas (Biagini & Miller, 2013), and could promote ecological restoration, thereby promoting sustainable development (Cao, Zheng, Chen, Ma, & Xia, 2017). This works because when income increases sufficiently, residents become more willing to protect their environment, leading to improvement of that environment (Zhang, Luo, & Cao, 2018).…”

Section: Mechanisms Behind the Poverty Trapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Win–win path for ecological restoration

Cao

Xia

et al. 2020

Land Degrad Dev

Self Cite

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Ecosystem degradation is a major cause of poverty, and poverty further aggravates ecosystem degradation through a feedback known as the 'poverty trap' that can prevent sustainable socioeconomic development in ecologically fragile areas. However, most ecological restoration programmes have failed to improve the lives of residents of the targeted areas because planners failed to understand the driving forces behind the poverty trap. Finding the threshold conditions for the poverty trap, which represent the conditions when the current state of a system changes to a new and inferior state, can help managers to avoid triggering the poverty trap in ecologically fragile areas. To avoid crossing the threshold, it's necessary to understand the driving mechanisms responsible for the poverty trap so that managers can break the vicious cycle that undermines the effectiveness of ecological restoration. China's ecological restoration has shown that integrating ecological restoration with measures that provide a sustainable livelihood for residents of programme areas can achieve the win-win goal of ecological restoration and poverty alleviation. We found preliminary evidence that there is an income threshold for the poverty trap, and that raising incomes above this level may help residents of restoration areas escape the trap. The examples described in this paper provide valuable guidance for other countries that must achieve similar goals.

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Using the green purchase method to help farmers escape the poverty trap in semiarid China

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

Spatial heterogeneity of tree diversity response to climate warming in montane forests

Win–win path for ecological restoration

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