Using the Major Components (Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin) of Phyllostachys praecox Bamboo Shoot as Dietary Fiber

Abstract

Bamboo shoots are a renewable and abundant biomass containing cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Although many studies have explored the applications of each of these components in the preparation of biochemicals and biopolymers, few studies have evaluated the utility of these components as a dietary fiber supplement. In this study, a powder consisting of the main components of bamboo shoots (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) was prepared from fresh Phyllostachys praecox shoots and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. To evaluate the potential utility of these components as a dietary fiber supplement, we conducted an experiment in which this powder was supplemented in the diet of mice for 7 weeks. The experiment included three diet groups (n = 10/group): a low-fat control diet (LFC), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet with bamboo shoot powder (HFBSP). Compared with HFD mice, the body weights of LFC and HFBSP mice were lower, indicating that the addition of bamboo shoot powder could reduce the weight gain associated with the HFD. Bamboo shoot powder supplementation could also reduce the levels of triglycerides (TG), blood glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in HFD mice. The fat histology images indicated that obesity was alleviated in HFBSP mice, and the liver histology images indicated that the addition of bamboo shoot powder to the HFD could reduce the risk of fatty liver disease. The addition of bamboo shoot powder to the HFD might also improve the gut microbiota of mice. Thus, the major components of bamboo shoot powder (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) could be used as beneficial natural additives in the food industry.

Synthesis, determination, and bio-application in cellular and biomass-bamboo imaging of natural cinnamaldehyde derivatives

“…Various fluorescence probes can be used to dye plants when required, and bamboo is an important renewable and abundant biomass which can provide wood and shoots ( Yang et al, 2021b ; Lin et al, 2021 ; Zheng et al, 2021 ). In order to investigate the microstructure of bamboo, probes 1 and 2 were used in conjunction with fresh bamboo poles with leaves, the imaging results for 1 , 1 + Fe 3+ , and 1 +ClO − and 2 , 2 + Fe 3+ , and 2 +ClO − are in Figure 7 .…”

Production and Application of Cellulose, Dietary Fiber, and Nanocellulose from Bamboo Shoot

“…Bamboo shoots (BSs) have long been used as food and in traditional medicine in many Asian countries because the tender BSs are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds associated with health benefits against many chronic and degenerative diseases [1]. For example, bamboo shoot powder supplementation mainly consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which can reduce the levels of triglycerides, blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein in mice, and decrease the risk of fatty liver disease [2]. However, up to 70% of the harvested BSs have been discarded as waste biomass in China and other parts of the world.…”

Thermal properties of bamboo cellulose isolated from bamboo culms and shoots

“…Bamboo fiber typically consists of cellulose (73.8%), hemicellulose (12.5%), lignin (10.1%), pectin (0.4%), and aqueous extracts (3.2%) (Chaowana 2013). The high cellulosic content and fast growth rate of bamboo plants are advantageous for the broad utilization of bamboo in household products, textiles, building and construction materials, food industry, and composite manufacturing (Banik and Sastry 2018;Wijaya et al 2019;Noori et al 2021;Yang et al 2021). However, bamboo fiber suffers from several drawbacks, including low thermal stability, polar and hydrophilic natures, and poor compatibility with polymer matrixes, leading to weakened interfacial bonding with other surfaces, thus hindering their applications in bamboo-based composites.…”