Using the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) disentangle the heterogeneity of autistic traits in an Italian eating disorder population

Vagni, David; Moscone, Davide; Travaglione, Sara; Cotugno, Armando

doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.002

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Exclusion criteria included (1) studies involving other clinical but non-autistic populations which were being screened for autistic traits (e.g. [ 65 , 75 ]); (2) studies which used the RAADS-R to assume the presence of autism but did not confirm the diagnosis with participants (e.g. [ 76 ]); (3) studies written in languages other than English; and 4) or reviews citing the RAADS-R which did not include actual data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis

2018

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BackgroundSex differences in autistic symptomatology are believed to contribute to the mis- and missed diagnosis of many girls and women with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). Whilst recent years have seen the emergence of clinical and empirical reports delineating the profile of young autistic girls, recognition of sex differences in symptomatology in adulthood is far more limited.MethodsWe chose here to focus on symptomatology as reported using a screening instrument, the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R). In a meta-analysis, we pooled and analysed RAADS-R data from a number of experimental groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) searched for the presence of main effects of Sex and Diagnosis and for interactions between these factors in our sample of autistic and non-autistic adults.ResultsIn social relatedness and circumscribed interests, main effects of Diagnosis revealed that as expected, autistic adults reported significantly greater lifetime prevalence of symptoms in these domains; an effect of Sex, in circumscribed interests, also suggested that males generally reported more prevalent symptoms than females. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in language symptomatology revealed that a normative sex difference in language difficulties was attenuated in autism. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in the sensorimotor domain revealed the opposite picture: a lack of sex differences between typically developing men and women and a greater prevalence of sensorimotor symptoms in autistic women than autistic men.ConclusionsWe discuss the literature on childhood sex differences in relation to those which emerged in our adult sample. Where childhood sex differences fail to persist in adulthood, several interpretations exist, and we discuss, for example, an inherent sampling bias that may mean that only autistic women most similar to the male presentation are diagnosed. The finding that sensorimotor symptomatology is more highly reported by autistic women is a finding requiring objective confirmation, given its potential importance in diagnosis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-018-0216-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis

2018

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“…among people with AN has been recently documented (Bentz et al, 2017a;Huke et al, 2013;Vagni et al, 2016;Westwood et al, 2017a;Westwood et al, 2017c). Furthermore, experimental studies have reported that people with AN show similar difficulties in social cognition as autistic individuals.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 97%

Differences in the Theory of Mind profiles of patients with anorexia nervosa and individuals on the autism spectrum: A meta-analytic review

Leppänen

Sedgewick

Treasure

et al. 2018

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…These studies have relied on the use of tools assessing developmental history such as the Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview (3Di; Skuse et al 2004 ) or Development and Wellbeing Assessment (DAWBA; Goodman et al 2000 ), which rely on the subjective insights of parents rather than providing an objective, observable measure of ASD symptoms. One recent study (Vagni et al 2016 ) utilised the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale Revised (RAADS-R; Ritvo et al 2011 ) to assess the heterogeneity of ASD traits in ED populations aged 15 or over. Thirty three percent of participants were classified as having elevated ASD traits; however, despite the RAADS-R being used as a structured clinical interview in this study, it relies on the subjective insights of participants, particularly their ability to recall the presence of certain behaviours during childhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing ASD in Adolescent Females with Anorexia Nervosa using Clinical and Developmental Measures: a Preliminary Investigation

Westwood

Mandy

Simic

et al. 2017

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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The aim of this study was to use standardised, clinical assessment tools to explore the presence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms in a sample of adolescent females with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), receiving either day-patient or inpatient treatment for their eating disorder and to determine whether any such symptoms were present during the early developmental period, a requirement for a diagnosis of ASD. Using a cross-sectional design, 40 females aged between 12 and 18 were recruited from inpatient and day-patient eating disorder services. All participants had a diagnosis of AN and were assessed for symptoms of ASD using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2). If participants scored at or above clinical cut-off on the ADOS-2, their parents were asked to complete the Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview, short version (3Di-sv). Of the 40 participants assessed, 21 scored above cut-off on the ADOS-2. When developmental history was obtained, only four participants scored above cut-off on all sub-scales of the 3Di-sv, thus meeting full research criteria for ASD. This study suggests that 10% of adolescents with AN from inpatient or day-patient settings may have diagnosable ASD, while a further 40% may show symptoms of ASD, which may arise from the ill-state of AN or are not supported by parental report.

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Using the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) disentangle the heterogeneity of autistic traits in an Italian eating disorder population

Cited by 35 publications

References 40 publications

Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis

Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis

Differences in the Theory of Mind profiles of patients with anorexia nervosa and individuals on the autism spectrum: A meta-analytic review

Assessing ASD in Adolescent Females with Anorexia Nervosa using Clinical and Developmental Measures: a Preliminary Investigation

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