Using the Teacher IRAP (T-IRAP) interactive computerized programme to teach complex flexible relational responding with children with diagnosed autism spectrum disorder
Abstract:The research used an alternating-treatments design to compare relational responding for five children with diagnosed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in two teaching conditions. Both conditions used applied behavior analysis; one was usual tabletop teaching (TT), and one was an interactive computerized teaching program, the Teacher-Implicit Relational Assessment Programme (T-IRAP; Kilroe, Murphy, Barnes-Holmes, & Barnes-Holmes, Behavioral Development Bulletin, 19(2), 60-80, 2014). Relational skills targeted were… Show more
“…Future research should not only include basic computer programs but also extend this basic research study to actual in-person changes. Perceptions alone may differ from what people may actually do (e.g., one may experience stigmatizing thoughts but may not act on them; Murphy et al, 2019). These measures are also behavioral measures attained via self-report, which may present some potential issues regarding reliability (Newsome et al, 2019).…”
Many of the roughly 1,000,000,000 people around the world who have some form of a disability diagnosis (World Health Organization, 2018) also experience barriers to education (DasGupta, 2015), barriers to health care access Dodds et al. in,
“…Future research should not only include basic computer programs but also extend this basic research study to actual in-person changes. Perceptions alone may differ from what people may actually do (e.g., one may experience stigmatizing thoughts but may not act on them; Murphy et al, 2019). These measures are also behavioral measures attained via self-report, which may present some potential issues regarding reliability (Newsome et al, 2019).…”
Many of the roughly 1,000,000,000 people around the world who have some form of a disability diagnosis (World Health Organization, 2018) also experience barriers to education (DasGupta, 2015), barriers to health care access Dodds et al. in,
“…All participants in the original studies provided informed consent and studies were approved by the local institutional review board. This dataset includes on data from the traditional IRAP and not variants such as MT-IRAP (Levin et al, 2010), NL-IRAP (Kavanagh et al, 2016), or training-IRAP (Murphy et al, 2019). If the original study required participants to complete the same IRAP more than once, only data from the first one completed was used.…”
A meta-analysis suggested that the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) has potential “as a tool for clinical assessment”. Here I present evidence to the contrary. Using all published and unpublished file-drawer data available to me, I bootstrapping 95% Confidence Intervals for each IRAP D score. Results demonstrate that Confidence Intervals are extremely wide: regardless of the estimated D score, the data is equally compatible with a ‘true’ score lying anywhere in the range of very negative to very positive. The IRAP is therefore not currently suitable for individual level use or assessment in research or applied settings.
Obtaining assent from potential research participants is an important component of research for reasons related to ethics compliance, self-determination, and choice. However, unique issues arise when working with populations who cannot assent through traditional means, such as individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and related developmental disabilities (DD). The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss assent practices within behavior-analytic research to identify strategies that can be used to obtain assent from potential participants with ASD and DDs. We began with a descriptive literature review of behavior-analytic articles that included the term "assent" to identify what practices behavior analysts have used to obtain assent from participants. In short, very few articles that clearly addressed assent procedures were identified. Thus, we propose a model for gaining assent when working with individuals with ASD and DDs.
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