Using thermal methods to understand the interactions between a rocket propellant and igniter material

Tunnell, Ruth; Dale, Roz; King, Ian P.; Tod, D.A.

doi:10.1007/s10973-017-6830-2

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…show that as reported previously, the ageing mechanisms of Propellant C appear to be different when BPN is present compared with when the propellant is heated in isolation [7].…”

Section: Results From Ageing Experimentssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…It can be seen that there is an apparent increase in the concentration of 2-NDPA and pNMA after 21 days for the samples aged with BPN and this shows a correlation with the EHFC results after this time period ( Figure 10). This is further evidence that Propellant C ages differently in the presence of BPN compared with when this composition is absent [7]. The reasons for this are unclear though and should be investigated further.…”

Section: Results From Ageing Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…For Propellant C heated with BPN there appears to be a correlation between the concentration of pNMA and 2-NDPA stabilisers and time to thermal event but this needs further investigation. Overall, the results once again suggest that the decomposition mechanisms in Propellant C are different when this composition is aged in the presence of BPN [7]. Now that EHFC has been established as a technique which can determine the thermal stability of nitrate ester based propellants, the ability of this techniques to detect changes upon ageing in a wider range of materials should be investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Exploring New Ways to Solve Old Problems; the Hunt for Alternative Stability Tests

Tunnell

Tod

2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The 80 °C self‐heat test (formally known as the silvered vessel test) is one of the methods the UK uses to assess if nitrate ester based solid rocket propellants are sufficiently stable for service use. However, it uses a large mass of propellant – of the order of 70 g – and so there have always been safety concerns with regards to this technique. Further to this, it is not an internationally recognised test. There has been a desire to find a replacement for the 80 °C self‐heat test since at least the 1980s. One of the key advantages of the method is that it uses a significant mass of material and so is more representative of stabiliser depletion reactions in a solid rocket motor compared with smaller scale ageing tests. It is also considered a reliable method as it will accurately show if a nitrate ester based propellant is sufficiently stable for service use or not. This research, using three nitrate ester based propellants, has shown that the technique which is colloquially named “extreme heat flow calorimetry” offers an alternative to the 80 °C self‐heat test. Further, this method appears to be a new way of assessing the stability of nitrate ester based propellants and it has also been shown to be able to detect changes upon ageing for a particular propellant.

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“…show that as reported previously, the ageing mechanisms of Propellant C appear to be different when BPN is present compared with when the propellant is heated in isolation [7].…”

Section: Results From Ageing Experimentssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Results From Ageing Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exploring New Ways to Solve Old Problems; the Hunt for Alternative Stability Tests

Tunnell

Tod

2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…Energetic materials play an essential role in national defence and economic construction and they are widely used in military and civil fields 1‐3 . However, for new energetic materials, there are still a series of challenges in safety, performance, and stability due to the particularity of the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energetic materials play an essential role in national defence and economic construction and they are widely used in military and civil fields. [1][2][3] However, for new energetic materials, there are still a series of challenges in safety, performance, and stability due to the particularity of the environment. Therefore, the thermal stability and thermal analytical dynamics of energetic materials have been the focus of research in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic behaviour of nano‐bimetallic nickel oxide on the thermal decomposition of dihydroxylammonium‐5,5′‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate

Zhao

et al. 2022

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic behaviour of nano-bimetallic nickel oxide on the thermal decomposition of dihydroxylammonium-5,5 0 -bistetrazole-1,1 0 -diolate)Bimetal combustion catalyst has become an emerging field in recent years, which is still in its infancy. When the combustion catalyst is used in double-base propellants, it can produce effects that conventional catalysts cannot achieve. In this study, nano-bimetallic nickel oxides (nanospheres of NiFe 2 O 4 and the sub-nanometre flower NiCo 2 O 4 ) were prepared by hydrothermal method and characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 adsorption-desorption test (BET). Moreover, its thermal catalytic action on dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate (TKX-50) was studied. The thermal analysis of composite TKX-50/NiFe 2 O 4 and TKX-50/NiCo 2 O 4 was carried out by thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The results show that when the addition amount of NiFe2O4 is 10%, the heating rate is 5.0 K min −1 , the NiFe 2 O 4 has the best catalytic activity for TKX-50 thermal decomposition, and the high thermal decomposition peak temperature (Tpeak1) is decreased by 29 °C. More interestingly, the apparent activation energies of the two composites were calculated by Kissinger, Ozawa, and Starink methods. The advanced thermal analysis kinetics software (AKTS) was used to perform kinetic calculations on the DSC experimental curves of the abovementioned composite energetic materials, and reaction rate curves obtained by the simulation are in good agreement with the experimental curves of the thermal decomposition reaction process, further proving that the accuracy of the experiment is high. Therefore, the addition of NiFe 2 O 4 shows high catalytic efficiency on the thermal decomposition of TKX-50 components, and this would be beneficial to promote the burning rate of propellants containing TKX-50 components.

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Development of zirconium and potassium perchlorate igniter for AP/HTPB composite propellant base bleed grain

Mukhtar

Nasir

Rashid

et al. 2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Using thermal methods to understand the interactions between a rocket propellant and igniter material

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Exploring New Ways to Solve Old Problems; the Hunt for Alternative Stability Tests

Exploring New Ways to Solve Old Problems; the Hunt for Alternative Stability Tests

Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic behaviour of nano‐bimetallic nickel oxide on the thermal decomposition of dihydroxylammonium‐5,5′‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate

Development of zirconium and potassium perchlorate igniter for AP/HTPB composite propellant base bleed grain

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