Using Tools in Mechanobiology to Repair Tendons

Leek, Connor; Soulas, Jaclyn M.; Sullivan, Anna Lia; Killian, Megan L.

doi:10.1007/s43152-020-00005-w

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…40 Future studies could investigate the role of acute or repetitive loading on attachment damage and tear propagation by modulating muscle loading and attachment mechanobiology (e.g., treadmill running or muscle stimulation). 41 Although we observed that the duration of injury affected healing outcomes more so than defect size, defect size lead to several differences in gross morphology, bone properties, cellularity, and attachment structure. Rotator cuff tears commonly lead to fibrosis and neovascularization, 19,24 and, in this study, we similarly observed a qualitative increase in fibrotic tissue and vessel formation with increased defect size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Nuclear aspect ratio (nAR) has been used previously as read out of mechanical force transmission experienced by cells, and changes in nuclear shape can trigger epigenetic changes and influence gene expression. 41,42,45,46 Previous studies have shown that tendon injury leads to an acute decrease in nAR compared to healthy tendons and that nAR increases with increased healing duration, indicating a mechanobiological response to injury and healing. 42 Interestingly, in this study, we observed changes in nAR of local fibroblasts that was dependent on injury size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A further understanding of attachment mechanobiology may help to clarify these cellular adaptations to attachment defect size in vivo. 41,48…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanics and Differential Healing Outcomes of Small and Large Defect Injuries of the Tendon-Bone Attachment in the Rat Rotator Cuff

Sullivan

Locke

Klink

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ABSTRACTThe size of rotator cuff tears affects clinical outcomes following rotator cuff repair and is correlated with risk of re-injury. This study aimed to understand how defect size influences the structural and mechanical outcomes of the injured rotator cuff attachment in vivo. We used our previously established model of partial-thickness injury of the rotator cuff tendon-bone attachment in Long Evans rats to compare differences in healing outcomes between small and large defects. Biomechanical properties, gross morphology, bone remodeling, and cell and tissue morphology were assessed at 3- or 8-weeks of healing. At the time of injury (no healing), large defects had decreased mechanical properties compared to small defects, and both defect sizes had decreased mechanical properties compared to intact attachments. The mechanical properties of the defect groups were comparable after 8-weeks of healing and significantly improved compared to no healing but failed to return to intact levels. Local bone volume at the defect site was higher in large compared to small defects on average and increased from 3- to 8-weeks.Contrastingly, bone quality, measured as bone volume percentage and trabecular morphometry, of the total epiphysis and greater tubercle decreased from 3- to 8-weeks of healing and these changes were not dependent on defect size. Qualitatively, we observed that large defects had increased disorganized collagen and neovascularization compared to small defects. In this study, we demonstrated that not only small, but also large, partial-thickness defects do not regenerate the mechanical and structural integrity of the intact rat rotator cuff attachment following healing in vivo. Statement of Clinical Significance: Our rat model of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears may be beneficial to understand and prevent tear enlargement in vivo.

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