“…Video reflection on communicative performance has been used successfully in many academic and professional fields, such as language learning, medical studies teacher training, engineering, and economics, as well as other science and social studies fields (e.g., Budiarta & Santosa, 2020 ; Carr et al, 2020 ; Cochrane & O’Donoghue, 2008 ; Er & Planas, 2005 ; Galindo et al, 2020 ; Gong et al, 2019 ; Miskam & Saidalvi, 2020 ; Oliveira, et al, 2021 ; Penny & Coe, 2004 ; Perry et al, 2020 ; Ram, et al, 1999 ; Zick et al, 2007 ). By reflecting on a video presentation, students can pinpoint their strengths and weaknesses in all aspects of the presentation, including the content (Miskam & Saidalvi, 2019 , 2020 ; Oliveira, et al, 2021 ; Tuyet & Khang, 2020 ). Moreover, with video recordings, verbal communication can be practiced in a controlled, non-threatening environment that helps alleviate anxiety (Tuyet & Khang, 2020 ; Damayanti & Citraningrum, 2021 ; Göktürk, 2016 ).…”