Uso da emergia para análise da contabilidade ambiental na produção convencional de morango no município de Espírito Santo do Dourado (MG)

Abstract

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar e apresentar o resultado obtido pela contabilidade ambiental em emergia de um sistema de produção de morango convencional no munícipio de Espírito Santo do Dourado, Minas Gerais. Foram coletados dados qualitativos no Sítio São Pedro para cálculos emergéticos. O sistema foi analisado por meio dos indicadores ambientais que apresentaram os seguintes valores: Rendimento em Emergia (EYR) 1,20; Investimento em Emergia (EIR) 5,07; Carga Ambiental (ELR) 6,09; Índice de Sustentabilidade (ESI) 0,20; Percentual de Recursos Renováveis (%R) 14,11%; Emergia por Unidade (UEV) 1,58x1009 sej/ano; Transformidade 1,26x1009 sej/J. Os resultados da contabilidade ambiental em emergia e dos indicadores obtidos foram comparados com os de dois trabalhos realizados anteriormente encontrados na literatura: uma lavoura de morango tipo orgânico, no município de Bueno Brandão (MG), e outro, também orgânico, no município de Piracicaba (SP). A produção convencional de morango estudada neste trabalho mostrou que há muito gasto emergético para o produto final, tanto no que concerne a energia provinda de recursos não renováveis quanto a recursos econômicos.

Environmental impact of different agricultural production systems

“…The mean ESI of 3.25 for the conventional irrigated systems shows medium-term sustainability. Gonçalves et al (2018), quantified emergy sustainability in conventional strawberry production by means of environmental indicators, and found a sustainability index of 0.35, less than the values found in the present study. et al (2019), in a study of the economic and environmental sustainability of irrigated and rainfed crops, found that the systems contributed to economic growth with low environmental load and a renewability of 83% and 74% respectively.…”

“…The mean value of 0.04 in the rainfed production systems shows less environmental stress compared to the irrigated systems, 0.30, since the higher the ELR, the greater the environmental impact caused by the production system due to the use of non-renewable resources from the economy. Gonçalves et al (2018), quantified emergy sustainability in conventional strawberry production by means of environmental indicators, and found an environmental load index of 3.76.…”

“…Among the rainfed crops, the T-SFO system included In the conventional irrigated systems, increase in emergy from resources from the economy afforded less emergy yield and a greater environmental load, resulting in medium-term sustainability; whereas in the renewable systems, the large amount of natural emergy favoured emergy yield and a reduction in environmental load and consequently, long-term sustainability. Gonçalves et al (2018), in an emergy analysis of a conventional system of strawberry production, found that the system proved to be far more dependent on resources from the economy (F), i.e. paid resources, compared to other non-conventional systems, showing that organic crops make better use of resources from the environment and are therefore more sustainable.…”