Uso problemático del smartphone y procrastinación en el ámbito académico: un meta-análisis

Abstract

El uso problemático del smartphone se ha convertido en un problema a nivel global con amplias repercusiones en el ámbito educativo. El presente meta-análisis estudia la relación entre el uso problemático del smartphone y la procrastinación en estudiantes. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en las bases de datos Web of Science, PsycInfo y Scopus, obteniendo un total de 18 artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión con una muestra total de 8,679 participantes. Los resultados confirman una relación positiva de intensidad moderada entre el uso problemático del smartphone y la procrastinación en estudiantes (Zr = 0.40). Los posibles efectos moderadores del sexo, la edad y el nivel educativo de los participantes fueron analizados. Se indica la necesidad de implantar programas para prevenir el uso problemático del smartphone en estudiantes y de continuar investigando la relación entre las dos variables, especialmente mediante estudios de tipo longitudinal.

Relationship between Problematic Smartphone Use, Sleep Quality and Bedtime Procrastination: A Mediation Analysis

“…In relation to RQ3, we found differences in the PSU and bedtime procrastination variables in young adults (18-25 years) versus adults and middle-aged adults (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60), but no differences in sleep quality. The differences in PSU are consistent with the literature [138], and are possibly due to the fact that younger people spend more hours on their smartphone (both variables correlate significantly, as can be seen in Table 3) and that younger generations have grown up with this technology [139].…”

“…The latter possibly is supported by the nature of many smartphone apps, which are designed to retain the viewer as long as possible and form consumption habits [142]. In addition, as we have discussed above, higher PSU may cause the delay of completing activities during the day, as it has been related to general [58] and academic [54] procrastination, which would cause people to perform postponed tasks throughout the day and during the night, increasing bedtime procrastination, shifting sleep time and thus affecting sleep quality. Furthermore, as described above, PSU can elicit negative affectivity [115][116][117][118] that feeds back on itself by negative feelings due to bedtime procrastination and poor sleep quality [122,123], thus sustaining these phenomena.…”

“…Several negative consequences of PSU have been found, such as low productivity [50], poor academic performance [51,52], general procrastination [53], academic procrastination [54], low self-esteem [55], increased alcohol consumption [52], anxiety and depression [56][57][58], executive function deficiencies [59,60] and sleep problems [61][62][63][64][65]. Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland and regulated by sleep-inducing light/dark cycles.…”