The performance of the ultra-thin body and buried oxide (BOX) fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (UTBB-FDSOI) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistors (MOSFETs) based on a 22 nm technology node is investigated in this paper over an ultra-wide temperature range from 6 K to 550 K. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics under wide temperature range conditions are shown, including the influence of the back-gate bias (Vbg). The important electrical parameters, such as threshold voltage (Vt), subthreshold swing (SS), ON-state current (Ion), and OFF-state current (Ioff), are extracted with temperature changes. From 550 K to 6 K, Vtincreased by 0.21 V, Ioff decreased nearly 6 orders of magnitude, and the gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL) current decreased by nearly 8 orders of magnitude. The main physical mechanisms for the changing electrical performance with temperature are the variation of carrier concentration, mobility, and energy band. By utilizing a technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation, the temperature dependence of the device performance is discussed and analyzed.