Uterine Kallikrein in the Early Pregnant Rat1

Valdés, Gloría; Corthorn, Jenny; Scicli, A. G.; Gaete, Victoria; Soto, Jorge; Ortiz, Mauricio; Foradori, A; Saed, G M

doi:10.1095/biolreprod49.4.802

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Tissues were homogenized as previously described [9], with some modifications. Briefly, tissues were quickly minced and homogenized in 8 ml/g of 20 mM TRIS/HCl buffer [10], pH 8. suemizer homogenizer (Tekmar Co., Cincinnati, OH) in an ice bath.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determination of IR kallikrein was performed by RIA with use of an antiserum raised in rabbits against purified female rat urinary kallikrein, as described previously for rat uterine homogenates [9], except that the standard rat urinary kallikrein curve was run in the presence of inhibitors and detergent, in amounts equal to those contained in the uterine samples. Cross-reactivity of the kallikrein antiserum was analyzed by RIA towards plasma kallikrein (60-480 Rg), partially purified rat urinary esterase A (12.5-500 jLg of protein), epidermal growth factor (0.1 ng-1 RIg), porcine pancreatic kallikrein (0.25-100 ILg), and partially purified rat kininogen (50-500 jIg); none of them showed significant cross-reaction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase of immunoreactive (IR) kallikrein on Day 7 of gestation suggests a hormonal dependence and a role in implantation [9]. In this study, we have extended our evaluation of kallikrein content to the whole estrous cycle and to early gestation, with the aim of associating any variations in uterine kallikrein levels with previously described changes in the pattern of hormonal regulation and in local blood flow and vascular permeability in the uterus during implantation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Variations in Uterine Kallikrein during Cycle and Early Pregnancy in the Rat1

Corthorn

Valdés

1994

Biology of Reproduction

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We have previously demonstrated the presence of tissue kallikrein and its mRNA in rat uterus, and an increase of the immunoreactive enzyme on Day 7 of gestation, which suggests a hormonal regulation and a role in implantation. This study pursued the sequential variations during the cycle and early pregnancy. During the estrous cycle, immunoreactive uterine kallikrein levels showed a recurrent pattern, with the highest value on proestrus (12.9 +/- 1.5 ng/uterus or 0.49 +/- 0.03 ng/mg protein), and the lowest on metestrus (4.1 ng +/- 0.5 ng or 0.30 +/- 0.03 ng/mg protein); p < 0.05. During gestation, values on Day 1 (6.1 +/- 0.4 ng/uterus or 0.30 +/- 0.01 ng/mg protein) and Day 3 (4.9 +/- 0.3 ng or 0.35 +/- 0.01 ng/mg protein) were similar to levels during estrus and diestrus; a progressive rise, observed from Day 5 (8.2 +/- 1.1 ng or 0.43 +/- 0.02 ng/mg protein), attained the highest value on Day 7 (15.8 +/- 1.7 ng or 0.78 +/- 0.05 ng/mg protein); p < 0.05. The variations observed during the cycle and early gestation coincide with those described for ovarian steroids and uterine vasoactive changes, suggest the hormonal regulation of uterine kallikrein levels, and support its role in implantation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Variations in Uterine Kallikrein during Cycle and Early Pregnancy in the Rat1

Corthorn

Valdés

1994

Biology of Reproduction

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“…Prothrombin and thrombin are secreted by the rat uterus [Henrikson et al, 1994]. Rat uterine kallikrein activity is stimulated by estrogen and intralumenal stimulation, and has been implicated in implantation and decidualization [Corthorn and Valdes, 1994;Valdes et al, 1993Valdes et al, , 1996Corthorn et al, 1997], whereas kallikrein activity is present in uterine flushings of cyclic pigs during a period that corresponds to conceptus elongation [Vonnahme et al, 1999]. Likewise, cathepsin-L proteolytic activity and protein has been detected in endometrial GE and uterine flushings from early implanting pigs .…”

Section: Potential Integrin/matrix-activating Components Of Histotrophmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrins and Extracellular Matrix Proteins at the Maternal-Fetal Interface in Domestic Animals

Burghardt¹,

Johnson

Jaeger³

et al. 2002

Cells Tissues Organs

158

133

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Establishment of pregnancy in mammals requires coordinated conceptus-maternal interactions involving numerous hormones, growth factors and cytokines acting via specific receptors in the uterus. Uterine secretions play an important role in establishing synchrony between development of the conceptus and uterine receptivity, as well as in conceptus remodeling, adhesion, implantation and placentation in domestic species. Studies of non-invasive implantation in domestic livestock provide valuable opportunities to investigate fundamental processes of the initial events of apposition, attachment and adhesive interactions that are shared among species. In pigs and sheep, it appears that integrins play a dominant role in these fundamental processes via interactions with extracellular matrix molecules and other ligands to transduce cellular signals in uterine epithelial cells and conceptus trophectoderm. This review considers several of the potential integrin-binding ligands involved in the complex implantation adhesion cascade in pigs and sheep along with in vitro evidence for the transduction of cytoplasmic signals that may be required to sustain fetal and maternal contributions to the formation of the epitheliochorial placenta.

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“…6 Additional evidence of the capacity of gestation to stimulate the kallikrein-kinin system is the increased kallikrein content in the uterus of the early pregnant rat, which is selectively localized in the implantation node. 7 ' 8 We believe that this enhanced vasodilator system participates in the implantation reaction, in the renal vasoactive changes, and probably in the maintenance of normotension in normal pregnancy.…”

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 93%

Stimulation of the kallikrein-kinin system by pregnancy may help restore renal vasodilator response to glycine in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Valdés¹,

Salas²,

Vio³

1994

Hypertension

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We would like to contribute to the discussion of possible mechanisms involved in the pregnancy-induced restoration of the renal vasodilator response to glycine in Dahl salt-sensitive rats reported by Whitescarver and Heesch 1 in the December issue of Hypertension. We want to call attention to the role of renal kinins, postulated as mediators of amino acid-induced hyperperfusion and hyperfiltration by Jaffa and collaborators.2 They have demonstrated in rats that the effects of amino acid infusion on glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, and renal vascular resistance are associated with an increased production of kinins. The changes in glomerular hemodynamics induced by the amino acid load could be blunted by bradykinin antagonists and by infusion of aprotinin, a tissue kallikrein inhibitor, which prevented the increase of urinary kinins.Urinary kallikrein activity, an expression of renal synthesis, is consistently elevated during normotensive human pregnancy. We have reported increased urinary kallikrein activity at the early stages of pregnancy in humans (before week 16) and in Sprague-Dawley rats (from days 4 to 21 ).3 -4 Virgin Dahl saltsensitive rats have low total and active urinary kallikrein, both of which increase during sodium deprivation to levels similar to those of Dahl salt-resistant rats under a normal sodium intake.5 In this animal model, the stimulatory effect of gestation on urinary kallikrein has not been described, but in another hypertensive model with decreased urinary kallikrein, the one-kidney, one clip hypertensive rat, the enzyme increases markedly to values similar to those of pregnant control rats. 6Additional evidence of the capacity of gestation to stimulate the kallikrein-kinin system is the increased kallikrein content in the uterus of the early pregnant rat, which is selectively localized in the implantation node.7 ' 8 We believe that this enhanced vasodilator system participates in the implantation reaction, in the renal vasoactive changes, and probably in the maintenance of normotension in normal pregnancy.At this point it is necessary to emphasize that major mediators of bradykinin effects are nitric oxide and prostaglandins.9 " This consideration is especially relevant when glomerular hemodynamics are being analyzed, because bradykinin reduces resistance in isolated rat afferent arterioles 12 and induces prostacyclin and prostaglandin E 2 production. 13 It is thus feasible that in Dahl salt-sensitive rats a deficient renal kallikrein-kinin system is stimulated by pregnancy and may contribute to the restoration of the impaired vasodilator response to a glycine load by a direct effect of kinins and/or through kinin-enhanced local synthesis of nitric oxide and prostaglandins. ResponseDrs Valdes, Salas, and Vio propose an interesting mechanism for the restoration of the grycine-induced hyperfiltration and hyperemia found during pregnancy in Dahl salt-sensitive rats, which we reported in the December issue of Hypertension. 1 We agree that, similar to other animal models o...

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Uterine Kallikrein in the Early Pregnant Rat1

Cited by 24 publications

References 55 publications

Variations in Uterine Kallikrein during Cycle and Early Pregnancy in the Rat1

Variations in Uterine Kallikrein during Cycle and Early Pregnancy in the Rat1

Integrins and Extracellular Matrix Proteins at the Maternal-Fetal Interface in Domestic Animals

Stimulation of the kallikrein-kinin system by pregnancy may help restore renal vasodilator response to glycine in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

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