Utilidad de la ecografía pulmonar a pie de cama en cuidados intensivos pediátricos

Ten Years of Pediatric Lung Ultrasound: A Narrative Review

“…When a lung area loses its normal aeration due to an inflammatory event or collapse of the airways, a consolidation is created in the lung parenchyma, and the displayed image is a real image and not an artifact (Coley, 2011;; Coca Pérez et al, 2016;Lovrenski et al, 2016;Claes et al, 2017;Cox et al, 2017;Joshi et al, 2019;Lovrenski, 2020). In fact, within the consolidated area we can recognize:…”

“…In fact, in atelectasis, the lung appears hypoechoic, triangular in shape with crowding of the bronchi due to loss of lung volume. Only a few of these can have air within them Coca Pérez et al, 2016;Joshi et al, 2019;Lovrenski, 2020). -Extremely small subpleural consolidations (Figure 8)…”

“…Coley, 2011; Cattarossi, 2014;Coca Pérez et al, 2016;Martelius et al, 2016;Sferrazza Papa et al, 2017;Yousef, 2017;Joshi et al, 2019;Soldati et al, 2019;Buonsenso et al, 2020. Vertical artifacts of B-lines are seen as vertically oriented artifacts and indicate an abnormality in the interstitial or alveolar compartment.…”

“…-Cardiogenic origin (Figure 4) can be characterized by: typical B-lines or vertical artifacts (laser-like, bright) with the septal disposition (early stage); modulated B-lines (early stage); regular pleural line; the presence of pleural sliding; diffuse pulmonary involvement without spared areas (bilaterally); absence of consolidations, pleural nodules or pleural irregularities. Furthermore, they are all characteristics that can take on a dynamic aspect depending on the patient's position, the effects of the exercise and therapy (Coca Pérez et al, 2016;Martelius et al, 2016;Sferrazza Papa et al, 2017;Yousef, 2017;Joshi et al, 2019;Soldati et al, 2019;Buonsenso et al, 2020). -Pneumogenic origin (Figure 9) can be characterized by: unusual septal disposition of B-lines; blurred, uneven, coalescent B-lines and white lung; non-modulated B-lines or pseudo-B-lines; irregular pleural line; reduced pleural sliding; monofocal or multifocal, patchy or inhomogeneous involvement; consolidations, subpleural nodules or micronodules (generating pseudo-B-lines).…”

“…Some authors ( Berant et al, 2015 ; Chen et al, 2015 ; Zhang, 2015 ; Coca Pérez et al, 2016 ; Cox et al, 2017 ) have re-evaluated the implementation of the LUS as PoCUS intended as bedside ultrasound examination of the patient by the physician in charge mainly in the Pediatric Intensive Units (PIU) and in the Pediatric Emergency Departments (PED).…”