The mesentery is a frequent site for abdominal diseases, since it constitutes the intestinal scaffolding and pathway for many structures. Nowadays, computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating mesenteric masses and their origin. An isolated mesenteric mass (primary) is an unexpected and rare tomographic finding in the context of patients with nonspecific clinical signs. The identification of a primary mesenteric mass requires an effort to exclude the possibility of being a secondary source. Thus, knowledge of the spectrum of mesenteric disease (neoplastic, infectious, inflammatory, vascular, traumatic, congenital) and its computed tomographic appearance is the key for proper diagnosis and treatment.