Utilisation digestive comparée et formes d'excrétion fécale chez le rat, des acides érucique et brassidique estérifiés dans différentes structures glycéridiques

Abstract

Summary. Digestibility and fecal excretion patterns of erucic and brassidic acids esterified in triglycerides of different structure. A comparative study in the rat.The digestibility and fecal excretion patterns of erucic (cis n-9 docosenoic) and brassidic (trans n-9 docosenoic) acids, esterified in triglycerides of different structure, were compared in the rat. Synthetic triglycerides were prepared either by mixing or interesterifying trierucin or tribrassidin with an equal amount of corn oil. Rapeseed and peanut oils were used as references. The apparent digestibility of trierucin mixed or interesterified with corn oil was similar to that of peanut oil but higher than that of rapeseed oil. The high amount of 2-monoerucin resulting from diets containing trierucin explained the improved digestibility of erucic acid as compared to that of rapeseed oil which had a very small erucic acid content on the 2-position. It also seemed that 2-monoerucin enhanced the digestibility of saturated fatty acids. Tribrassidin mixed with corn oil had a poor digestibility because pancreatic lipase hydrolysis was delayed in the intestinal lumen. The high melting point of the homogeneous triglyceride was responsible for that phenomenon. The interesterification of tribrassidin with corn oil, which drastically lowered the melting point of the mixture from 52 to 37 o C, improved both the hydrolysis of the triglycerides and the digestibility of the C 22 : 1 trans fatty acid as well as that of the other fatty acids in the diets. Nevertheless, the unabsorbed brassidic acid in every case was principally excreted in the form of a compound insoluble in organic neutral solvent. In that respect, brassidic acid behaved like shorter chain saturated fatty acids such as palmitic and stearic acids.Introduction.

Effect of Dietary Erucic Acid on the Utilization of Oils or Fats by Growing Chicks

“…This suggests that higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from vegetable oils may improve micelle formation or enhance fat transport across the intestinal barrier, thereby resulting in increased uptake of poorly absorbed long-chain fatty acids, such as EA. It has been generally accepted that free EA is not absorbable (Carroll and Richards, 1958;Deuel et al, 1948;Sergiel and Gabucci, 1980). Results from this study suggest that absorbability of fatty acids depends upon the fatty acid balance of the fats or oils coadministered rather than the chemical form (free or ester).…”

Erucic acid in feed and food

“…the level of protein and calcium in the diet, and the age of the animals (Carroll and Richards, 1958). Sergiel and Gabucci (1980) studied the digestibility and faecal excretion patterns in Wistar rats of erucic and brassidic acid esterified in different triacylglycerol structures. Rapeseed and peanut oils were used as controls.…”

Structure glycéridique du tissu adipeux périrénai de rats soumis à un régime à base d'huile d'arachide

“…Ces raisons ont conduit récemment plusieurs auteurs à s'intéresser de nouveau à la composition et à la structure glycéridique de l'huile d'arachide (Kritchevsky et al, 1973 ;Hokes et Worthington, 1979 ;Sanders, 1979 ;Van Pee et al, 1979 ;Manganaro et al, 1981 ;Semporé et Bézard, 1982 (Bugaut et Bézard, 1973 (Rocquelin et Leclerc, 1969 ;Sergiel et Gabucci, 1980 (Clément et Bézard, 1961 (Semporé et Bézard, 1977 ;Bézard et al, 1981 ; Sawadogo et Bézard, 1977). Les (Bézard et al, 1981 ;Semporé et Bézard, 1982 ; Sawadogo et Bézard, 1982 b (Litchfield, 1972 (Bézard et al, 1981).…”