Utilising abattoir sero-surveillance for high-impact and zoonotic pig diseases in Lao PDR

Matsumoto, Nina; Douangngeun, Bounlom; Theppangna, Watthana; Khounsy, Syseng; Phommachanh, Phouvong; Toribio, Jenny‐Ann L.M.L.; Bush, R. D.; Selleck, Paul; Gleeson, Laurence J.; Siengsanan-Lamont, Jarunee; Blacksell, Stuart D.

doi:10.1017/s095026882300016x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Livestock serum samples were tested using the ID Screen Brucellosis Serum Indirect Multi-species kit (Grabels, France) for the detection of anti- Brucella spp. IgG antibodies in bovine, ovine, caprine, and porcine samples [ 34 ]. Briefly, the 10 μl of serum samples were diluted using 190 μl of dilution buffer two and loaded onto the pre-coated ELISA reaction plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and related risk factors of Brucella spp. in livestock and humans in Garbatula subcounty, Isiolo county, Kenya

Mwatondo,

Muturi,

Akoko

et al. 2023

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease that affects both animals and humans, causing debilitating illness in humans and socio-economic losses in livestock-keeping households globally. The disease is endemic in many developing countries, including Kenya, but measures to prevent and control the disease are often inadequate among high-risk populations. This study aimed to investigate the human and livestock seroprevalence of brucellosis and associated risk factors of Brucella spp. in a pastoralist region of northern Kenya. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a two-stage cluster sampling method to select households, livestock, and humans for sampling. Blood samples were collected from 683 humans and 2157 animals, and Brucella immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on potential risk factors associated with human and animal exposures. Risk factors associated with Brucella spp. exposures in humans and livestock were identified using Multivariate logistic regression. Results The results indicated an overall livestock Brucella spp. seroprevalence of 10.4% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 9.2–11.7). Camels had the highest exposure rates at 19.6% (95% CI: 12.4–27.3), followed by cattle at 13.2% (95% CI: 9.3–17.1), goats at 13.1% (95% CI: 11.1–15.3) and sheep at 5.4% (95% CI: 4.0–6.9). The herd-level seroprevalence was 51.7% (95% CI, 47.9–55.7). Adult animals (Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 2.3, CI = 1.3–4.0), female animals (aOR = 1.7, CI: 1.1–2.6), and large herd sizes (aOR = 2.3, CI = 1.3–4.0) were significantly associated with anti-brucella antibody detection while sheep had significantly lower odds of Brucella spp. exposure compared to cattle (aOR = 1.3, CI = 0.8–2.1) and camels (aOR = 2.4, CI = 1.2–4.8). Human individual and household seroprevalences were 54.0% (95 CI, 50.2–58.0) and 86.4% (84.0–89.0), respectively. Significant risk factors associated with human seropositivity included being male (aOR = 2.1, CI:1.3–3.2), residing in Sericho ward (aOR = 1.6, CI:1.1–2.5) and having no formal education (aOR = 3.0, CI:1.5–5.9). There was a strong correlation between human seropositivity and herd exposure (aOR = 1.6, CI:1.2–2.3). Conclusions The study provides evidence of high human and livestock exposures to Brucella spp. and identifies important risk factors associated with disease spread. These findings emphasize the need for targeted prevention and control measures to curb the spread of brucellosis and implement a One Health surveillance to ensure early detection of the disease in Isiolo County, Northern Kenya.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and related risk factors of Brucella spp. in livestock and humans in Garbatula subcounty, Isiolo county, Kenya

Mwatondo,

Muturi,

Akoko

et al. 2023

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Situational analysis on porcine diseases: general risk assessment and prioritization of epizootic threats to biosecurity systems of pig establishments in the Russian Federation

Oganesyan,

Shibayev,

Petrova

et al. 2024

Veterinariâ segodnâ

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The results of the situational analysis on porcine diseases in the Russian Federation and the expert assessment prioritizing the list of porcine pathogens significant for the pig industry of the country are presented. The method applied to analyse the expert estimates in the situational analysis allows for rapid assessment and interpretation of the situation with identification of priority diseases to be further addressed. The calculations demonstrated the sufficient degree of agreement among the experts (coefficient of concordance W = 0.61), and Pearson’s chi-squared test statistic χ2 = 51.33 (≥ 21.02607) indicated that the concordance is not random and the results can be used in subsequent studies. The specific features of epizootiology of the agents of African swine fever, classical swine fever, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome that can impact the effectiveness of biosecurity systems of pig establishments, as well as further ways for improving biosecurity management measures are discussed. The overall risk for the pig industry in the Russian Federation that is associated with external sources is currently characterized as permanently high, requiring maintaining risk management measures at the pig establishments by both the managerial staff of the establishments and the State Veterinary Service. It is recommended that biosecurity measures against external threats should focus on diseases such as African swine fever (weight λ = 0.52), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (λ = 0.071), classical swine fever (λ = 0.068) and infections considered emerging for the Russian Federation (λ = 0.05) according to the weights based on the expert estimation results. The biosecurity systems of the establishments should equally address other threats significant for the pig industry of the country: swine enzootic pneumonia, porcine pleuropneumonia (Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae), Aujeszky’s disease, streptococcosis (Streptococcus suis), porcine circovirus infection, foot-and-mouth disease, leptospirosis, transmissible gastroenteritis, cysticercosis (λ = 0.02…0.05). The improvement of the governmental policy for eradication of African swine fever, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, classical swine fever (including the substantial modification of the existing official pig turnover control, zoning, diagnosis and prevention quality, as well as the implementation of biosecurity standards) is the most significant factor, without which the disease eradication perspective is questionable.

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Utilising abattoir sero-surveillance for high-impact and zoonotic pig diseases in Lao PDR

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Seroprevalence and related risk factors of Brucella spp. in livestock and humans in Garbatula subcounty, Isiolo county, Kenya

Seroprevalence and related risk factors of Brucella spp. in livestock and humans in Garbatula subcounty, Isiolo county, Kenya

Situational analysis on porcine diseases: general risk assessment and prioritization of epizootic threats to biosecurity systems of pig establishments in the Russian Federation

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