Kidney transplantation (KT) has become the treatment of choice for paediatric end-stage kidney disease. 1 Nevertheless, in comparison to adults, the small calibre of the vessels and the common size-mismatch between donors and recipients can predispose to vascular complications including allograft thrombosis. The latter may affect up to 10% of KTs and account for 35% of allograft losses in the first year. 2 Similar considerations might be made when dealing with liver transplantation (LT). Even in this case, early vascular complications may affect up to 25% of the grafts. 3 Therefore, prompt recognition and treatment are clearly essential for the preservation of the allograft.Vascular complications have no specific clinical or biochemical signs allowing for early diagnosis. Doppler-ultrasonography (DUS) and scintigraphy, for KT, are reliable tools to assess allograft perfusion, 4 but do not allow continuous monitoring of the allograft and can miss early diagnosis, even if performed with a strict schedule in early follow-up. 5 Transcutaneous near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows for non-invasive, real-time, continuous monitoring of regional oxygenation of the hemoglobin (rSrO2), which is an indirect measure of the blood flow and the metabolic state, of tissue placed deeper beyond the skin. Several clinical studies have tested the use of NIRS for monitoring cerebral and somatic perfusion in intensive care units 6 and