Utility of different body composition indicators: demographic influences and associations with blood pressures and heart rates in adolescents (Heartfelt Study)

Mueller, William H.; Chan, Wenyaw; Meininger, Janet C.

doi:10.1080/03014460310001616473

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…WHtR has been shown to be a simple, noninvasive, and practical tool that correlates well with visceral fat (32). Both WC and WHtR have been found to be indicators of high abdominal fat mass and powerful markers associated with a number of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in epidemiologic studies (30)(31)(32). Statistically significant differences were found for weight, height, WC, and WHtR among the underweight, normal, overweight, and obese groups in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…WC is easy to determine and is a useful measurement of fat distribution in children and adolescents (31). WC may be useful to characterize a population in terms of abdominal fat distribution and to determine the prevalence of risk factors and also in clinical practice to determine response to weight control measures in children and adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prevalence of abdominal obesity is remarkable for underweightand normal weight adolescent girls*

Tek¹,

Şanlıer²,

Türközü³

2017

Turk J Med Sci

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IntroductionChildhood obesity is a global public health challenge. Consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages, sedentary lifestyles, and increasing urbanization lead to increased childhood obesity in developing and developed countries (1). Obesity prevalence is rapidly increasing among children and adolescents. Childhood overweight and obesity rates rose from 4.2% in 1990 to 6.7% in 2010 worldwide (2). The percentage of adolescents aged 12-19 years who were obese increased from 5% in 1980 to nearly 21% in 2012 in the United States (3). In Turkey the National Nutrition and Health Survey -2010 reported that the total percentage of overweight was 27.3% and the total percentage of obesity was 18.5% in adolescents of both sexes aged between 12 and 18 years (4).Overweight and obese children are prone to be obese in adulthood and to the development of diet-induced chronic diseases (5). Studies showed that the risk of adult obesity for obese children was higher than in nonobese children (5,6). In particular, abdominal obesity causes a wide range of serious complications such as cardiovascular disease ( 7), insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (8), metabolic syndrome (9), and different types of cancers (10) in childhood and adolescence.Body mass index (BMI) provides general information about obesity status. However, it is not sufficient for evaluation of the distribution of body fat. Increased upper body fat is indicative of visceral adiposity (11,12), which is recognized as a risk factor for many diseases (7-10). Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are sensitive and specific measurements both total and intraabdominal body fat (12,13). Increased WC is an important descriptor for the risk of diet-related chronic diseases (4). Moreover, WHtR is a simple, age-and sex-Background/aim: Obesity is a global public health challenge. This study was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity in Turkish adolescent girls. Materials and methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 1111 adolescent girls aged 12-18 years. The subjects were classified into four groups: underweight, normal, overweight, and obese. Abdominal obesity was defined according to waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90th percentile for Turkish adolescent population references (12-17 years) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0.5. Results:The prevalence of underweight was 17.4%, normal weight 68.5%, overweight 12.1%, and obese 2.0%. A total of 16.9% subjects were abdominal obese based on WC and 10.4% based on WHtR. When the four groups were evaluated in terms of abdominal obesity status, prevalence was 6.4% and 2.6% in the underweight, 14.6% and 5.8% in the normal, 60.0% and 37.3% in the overweight, and 88.8% and 77.3% in the obese groups according to WC and WHtR, respectively. Both WC (r: 0.332) and WHtR (r: 0.156) were positively correlated with age (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence of abdominal obesity was found at high levels for overweight and obese adolescents. It should be emphasi...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of abdominal obesity is remarkable for underweightand normal weight adolescent girls*

Tek¹,

Şanlıer²,

Türközü³

2017

Turk J Med Sci

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“…Secondly, there are only a few data regarding which is the best available marker of obesity in relation to BP. [17][18][19][20][21] Finally, office blood pressure (OBP) that is classically used for the evaluation of hypertension in children and adolescents may lead to misinterpretation of the true BP. 22 Recently, it has been shown that home blood pressure (HBP) monitoring is an applicable and more reliable method for the evaluation of BP in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home and office blood pressure in children and adolescents: the role of obesity. The Arsakeion School Study

et al. 2009

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Obesity is related to office blood pressure (OBP). Important discrepancies exist between OBP and home blood pressure (HBP), providing complementary information for the management of hypertension. The association between obesity and HBP has not been investigated in children. The evidence on the role of obesity in the predominance of systolic blood pressure (SBP) over diastolic (DBP) in paediatric hypertension is limited. A total of 778 healthy subjects aged 6-18 years were recruited in this study. OBP and HBP were measured using electronic devices validated in children. Anthropometric measurements were measured and expressed as z-scores for height or age. Among all indices of obesity (z-scores), body mass index (BMI) showed the best association with BP. The effect of obesity (BMI) was more pronounced on: (i) SBP than DBP and (ii) H-SBP than O-SBP (O-SBP: r 2 ¼ 0.09, O-DBP: r 2 ¼ 0.05, H-SBP: r 2 ¼ 0.12, H-DBP: r 2 ¼ 0.06). The prevalence of systolic hypertension was higher than that of diastolic hypertension. This difference was significant only in office readings and independent from obesity (normal weight: 6.3% systolic hypertension versus 1.2% diastolic; obese: 37.9% versus 6.9%, Po0.05 for both). These data imply that in children and adolescents the z-score of BMI is the most appropriate index of the association between BP and obesity. It also suggests that obesity is probably more closely associated with home than office BP. Finally, although obesity appears to affect SBP more than DBP, these results suggest that the predominance of systolic hypertension in children and adolescents might not be only related to obesity but also to the measurement setting (office).

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“…Body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used indirect measure of overall adiposity (Bose and Mascie-Taylor, 1997;Bhadra et al, 2001;Ghosh et al, 2001Ghosh et al, , 2003Ghosh et al, , 2004Bose and Mukhopadhyay, 2004), while percent body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), and fat mass index (FMI) are the most widely studied measures of body composition (VanItalie et al, 1990;Wang and Bachrach, 1996;Bose, 1998;Mueller et al, 2003). Prediction of PBF from skinfold thicknesses is an acceptable method for the assessment of body composition in children and adolescents (Deurenberg et al, 1990;Williams et al, 1992;Mueller et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prediction of PBF from skinfold thicknesses is an acceptable method for the assessment of body composition in children and adolescents (Deurenberg et al, 1990;Williams et al, 1992;Mueller et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in body composition between pre-menarcheal and menarcheal Bengalee Hindu girls of Madhyamgram, West Bengal, India

Bhadra

Mukhopadhyay

Bose

2005

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A study on 111 pre-menarcheal (PMG) and 123 menarcheal (MG) Bengalee Hindu girls was undertaken to compare differences in their anthropometric and body composition characteristics. The mean ages of the PMG (12.5 years, SD = 1.2) and MG (12.6, SD = 1.1) subjects were similar. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, triceps, and calf skinfolds. Two derived indices (body mass index [BMI] and sum of skinfolds) and four body composition measures, percent body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), and fat mass index (FMI) were also studied. The mean, 25th, 50th, and 70th percentile values of age at menarche were 12.0, 11.1, 12.0 and 12.9 years, respectively. Results showed that MG had significantly (P < 0.001) higher mean values for all anthropometric and body composition variables. The difference in mean height, weight, and BMI were 10.5 cm, 11.0 kg, and 3.0 kg/m 2 , respectively. The differences between the two groups in mean PBF, FM, FFM, and FMI were 7.7%, 5.1 kg, 5.9 kg, and 2.0 kg/m 2 , respectively. The percent difference (after attainment of menarche) in mean FM and mean FFM were 50.5% and 19.9%, respectively. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that attainment of menarcheal status had significant impact on all four measures of body composition (PBF: P < 0.0001; FM: P < 0.0001; FFM: P < 0.0001; FMI: P < 0.001) independent of BMI. Using BMI as a covariate, results of ANOVA revealed that the mean values of PBF, FM, FFM, and FMI were significantly higher among MG compared with the PMG subjects, even after adjustment for BMI. In conclusion, this study clearly indicated that there existed significant differences in body composition, irrespective of BMI, between MG and PMG Bengalee Hindus. It also demonstrated that relative difference in mean FM was significantly greater, compared to the relative difference in mean FFM, after the attainment of menarche.

show abstract

Utility of different body composition indicators: demographic influences and associations with blood pressures and heart rates in adolescents (Heartfelt Study)

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

The prevalence of abdominal obesity is remarkable for underweightand normal weight adolescent girls*

The prevalence of abdominal obesity is remarkable for underweightand normal weight adolescent girls*

Home and office blood pressure in children and adolescents: the role of obesity. The Arsakeion School Study

Differences in body composition between pre-menarcheal and menarcheal Bengalee Hindu girls of Madhyamgram, West Bengal, India

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