Utility of Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet–Lymphocyte Ratio, Mean Platelet Volume–Platelet Count Ratios: Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Prostate Carcinoma, Stomach Carcinoma, and Aplastic Anemia

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of the study is to study the potential role of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV)–platelet ratio as diagnostic and prognostic markers in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), prostate cancer, stomach cancer, and aplastic anemia. Materials and Methods: We have conducted the present study by screening 208,486 patients who have got admitted during January 2013–June 2017 as in patients in our hospital. The data collected were analyzed for NLR, PLR, and MPV–platelet ratio. Inclusion Criteria: Patients admitted with a diagnosis of HCC, prostate cancer, stomach cancer, and aplastic anemia irrespective of the age and gender. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with multiple malignancies, the presence of secondary infection, and any source of sepsis. SPSS tool was used for statistical analysis. Results: Cost-effective predictive and prognostic biomarkers identified in the study are – NLR for liver cancer, prostate cancer, and stomach cancer; PLR for prostate and stomach cancer; MPV/plate ratio can be used in addition to NLR for liver cancer. These ratios were not significant in aplastic anemia. Conclusion: From our study, we conclude that NLR and PLR are better cost-effective predictor and prognostic markers of HCC, prostate cancer, and stomach cancer. These ratios can be used at the primary health-care level as it can be derived from a simple complete blood count/peripheral smear. Early identification of carcinoma is possible using these potential markers along with the respective clinical presentations and symptoms. These ratios will reduce the financial burden on the patients from rural and low socioeconomic background and will aid in better management of the disease process.

Exploration of N‐Tetra‐Substituted Imidazoles as Effective Agents To Counteract Gastric Cancer Cell Viability: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

“…Gastric cancer (GC) is one type of gastrointestinal cancer brought on by the growth of cancerous cells in the stomach's lining. [3][4] Besides lung cancer, gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death [5] and is the most prevalent disease in the world.…”

“…Age, biological factors, malnourishment, smoking, contagious diseases, and exposure to harmful radiation are the main risk factors for cancer. Gastric cancer (GC) is one type of gastrointestinal cancer brought on by the growth of cancerous cells in the stomach‘s lining [3–4] . Besides lung cancer, gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer‐related death [5] and is the most prevalent disease in the world.…”