Utility of Quantitative T2‐Mapping Compared to Conventional and Advanced Diffusion Weighted Imaging Techniques for Multiparametric Prostate MRI in Men with Hip Prosthesis

Abstract

P rostate MRI is an integral component in the care of men with suspected or confirmed prostate cancer (PCa). A fundamental imaging component for detection of PCa with MRI is high-quality diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) 1,2 ; DWI is the determining sequence for the assessment of the peripheral zone (PZ) and also plays a critical role in evaluating the transition zone (TZ). 3 DWI is most commonly performed using echo planar imaging (EPI), 4 however, a challenge with EPI is its sensitivity to magnetic susceptibility artifacts. [5][6][7] Sensitivity to susceptibility artifact on DWI is particularly problematic in men with hip prostheses or other metallic hardware. 8 When DWI is suboptimal or non-diagnostic, a reader may use dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI as a surrogate for DWI combined with T2-weighted (T2W) imaging, 9 however, at the cost of lower diagnostic performance particularly in the TZ. [10][11][12] Alternative EPI-DWI techniques have been studied, including reduced or zoomed field-of-view (FOV) EPI-DWI and segmented readout EPI-DWI, which may improve image quality compared to conventional EPI-DWI; however, these remain limited in men with hip replacements. [13][14][15] The use of a PROPELLER based fast spin echo (FSE)-DWI sequence has also been studied in men with hip replacement with some preliminary success 8 ; however, this has lacked validation and commercial availability for the prostate application.Quantitative T2-mapping is a technique which has been previously studied and validated for PCa detection and characterization. 16,17 T2 maps offer similar information to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from DWI. 17 Both ADC and T2 relaxation times have been shown to be good indicators of cell density, 18 with the potential to predict tumor aggressiveness. Advantages of quantitative T2-maps, compared to DWI, include: more reproducible quantitative values [19][20][21] and less vulnerability to magnetic susceptibility artifacts, since these sequences are spin-echo based. 22 The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate T2-mapping in men with hip prosthesis undergoing prostate MRI and to compare image quality and impact on the interpretation to conventional and variant DWI techniques in the same prospective patient cohort.

Clinical Significance of Protective Motivation Intervention Nursing on Functional Recovery of Patients after Hip Arthroplasty

“…Coping assessment is people's understanding of the ability to deal with health threats, and it is an assessment made after balancing the following two factors: one is response efficacy (RE) and self-efficacy (SE); the other is the response cost of implementing preventive actions (RC), that is, obstacles or inconveniences to take preventive measures, which is an obstacle that prevents people from taking certain actions or a reaction that affects protective behavior. Among them, response effectiveness is the understanding of the benefits brought by people after taking preventive measures [28,29].…”

Detection of prostate cancer using diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging with support vector machine model – a feasibility study

“…Accordingly, the fraction maps corresponding to six subregions of each ROI were acquired through DR-CSI analysis. Meanwhile, conventional voxelwise T 2 and ADC maps of all ROIs were estimated following a monoexponential signal decay model using part of the DR-CSI data points (b = 0, TE = 57/75/100/120/150/180 ms; TE = 57 ms, b = 0/800 s/mm 2 ), respectively [7].…”

“…Among the metrics derived from MP-MRI, T 2 and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) are widely accepted as the two most valuable biomarkers for tumour characterization [4,5]. Furthermore, both T 2 and ADC have been found to be related to the aggressiveness of PCa, which is indicated by the Gleason score [6,7]. However, with the increasing application of MP-MRI using the Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System Version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1) for PCa diagnosis, it was found that approximately 15-30% of clinically significant cancers were undetected, which, to some extent, depends on the clinical experience of the radiologists [8,9].…”

Investigation of the Value of T2 Mapping in the Prediction of Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps

“…Quantitative MRI, including T 1 mapping, T 2 mapping, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), has been used to characterize specific tissues and disease processes, which plays a vital role in diagnosing the diseases and investigating disease-related changes in the composition of normal and abnormal tissues. 19 – 21 …”

“…Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can noninvasively demonstrate the nasal polyps' location, morphological features, and signal intensity, but it is impossible to distinguish eosCRSwNP from non-eosCRSwNP. Quantitative MRI, including T 1 mapping, T 2 mapping, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), has been used to characterize specific tissues and disease processes, which plays a vital role in diagnosing the diseases and investigating disease-related changes in the composition of normal and abnormal tissues 19–21 …”