“…The inter-primer binding site (iPBS) method has proven to be a powerful DNA fingerprinting technique without the need for previous knowledge of a sequence, and is referred to as a universal marker system because iPBS-retrotransposons comprise the only retrotransposon-based marker system that has allowed polymorphism visualization throughout the plant kingdom. iPBSretrotransposon DNA markers have been successfully employed in evaluating the genetic diversity of Saussurea esthonica, apricot, grapevine, Cicer species, guava, Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra), and cultivated and wild Lens species (Gailite et al, 2011;Baránek et al, 2012;Guo et al, 2012;Andeden et al, 2013;Mehmood et al, 2013;Fang-Yong and Ji-Hong, 2014;Baloch et al, 2015). However, iPBS-retrotransposon markers have not yet been used in genetic diversity studies of rice.…”