Utility of the Bender Gestalt Test for Differentiation of Dementia with Lewy Bodies from Alzheimer’s Disease in Patients Showing Mild to Moderate Dementia

Abstract

Aims: We examined the utility of the Bender Gestalt Test (BGT) for the differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from Alzheimer’s disease (AD), comparing BGT scores between DLB and AD patients showing mild to moderate dementia. Methods: Eighteen DLB patients, 36 AD patients controlled by age, years of education, Clinical Dementia Rating and Mini Mental State Examination scores, and 21 nondemented elderly participants controlled by age and years of education were subjected to the BGT. Their BGT performances were scored according to the Pascal-Suttell method. Results: The DLB group showed significantly higher (that is worse) BGT scores than the other groups. When a cutoff point of 98 was used to differentiate DLB from AD, the patients exceeding 98 were 94% in the DLB group, 17% in the AD group and 0% in the control group. The sensitivity and specificity of this cutoff point were 0.94 and 0.89, respectively. Conclusion: The BGT is a useful neuropsychological test to differentiate DLB from AD.

Construction of a 18F‐FDG PET normative database of Japanese healthy elderly subjects and its application to demented and mild cognitive impairment patients

“…This may be due to the fact that the clinical conditions corresponding to MCI of DLB or FTLD have not been defined. DLB patients show characteristic visuoperceptual and/or constructional disabilities (Moshiman et al, 2004;Murayama et al, 2007). In the present study, Case 11 fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for probable DLB (McKeith et al, 1996(McKeith et al, , 2005, while Case 12 showed memory impairment and REM sleep disorder, one of the suggestive features of DLB, as well as visuoperceptual disability, suggesting that he may progress to DLB (MCI of DLB).…”

“…He revealed visuoperceptual disability in the Bender gestalt test (Murayama et al, 2007). His MRI examination exhibited mild atrophy of the hippocampus.…”

Diffuse occipital hypometabolism on [18F]-FDG PET scans in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder: Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies?

“…Patient 4 scored 25 points on the MMSE (recent memory 2/3, attention 3/5, construction 0/1). On the BGT, Patient 4 scored 106 points, indicating a visuoperceptual impairment that met the threshold score for patients with probable DLB 22 . In the group without occipital hypometabolism, the cognitive scores were within the normal range on the MMSE, WMS‐R, and WAIS‐III.…”

“…The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised (WMS‐R), and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐III (WAIS‐III) provided cognitive measures. The Bender Gestalt Test (BGT) was performed to assess visuospatial faculties 22 …”

Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test in Adolescents: Relationship between Visual-Motor Development and the Tanner Stages

“…After this age, other factors seem to have more infl uence on the score. In childhood and during later stages of maturity, it is used to assess manifestations of pathology or physical, psychological, or social risk ( Cousino & Wilder, 1978 ;Shapiro & Simpson, 1995 ;Romi & Marom, 2005 ;Murayama, Iseki, Yamamoto, Kimura, Eto, & Arai, 2007 ;Santos & Jorge, 2007 ;Sheikhi, 2007 ;Pacanaro, Santos, & Suehiro, 2008 ;Vendemiatto, Santos, & Suehiro, 2008 ;Silva, Feil, Souza, & Paniagua, 2009 ;Böhm, Lundequist, & Smedler, 2010 ;Sardinha, 2011 ).…”