The Anthropocene, the geological force of the humankind or The Age of Humans implies new processes of reflection on the complexity of our environmental and planetary reality. The discussion on the concept of Anthropocene and its consequences in the academy, in teaching and society should emerge on us a necessary process of a dialogue between different knowledges and an environmental contextualization in teaching chemistry. In this article, we propose a reflection in relation to the environmental education and teaching chemistry in this scenario in three topics: a) the environmental education and the Anthropocene, b) the Anthropocene and environmental chemistry and c) teaching chemistry and Anthropocene. The relationships among the planetary complexity, the environmental education and social learning are arisen for the discussion on Anthropecene, as well as the approach of planetary limits in teaching Chemistry. In the context of teaching Chemistry and the Anthropecene, three topics were selected for didactic planning classes that have already been used for regular and young-adults high schools in the state of Rio de Janeiro, which were: a) green house gases, global warming and teaching Chemistry, b) urban solid wastes and teaching chemistry and c) plastics and teaching Chemistry.