Utilization of Biogas as a Renewable Carbon Source: Dry Reforming of Methane

Papadopoulou, Christina; Matralis, H.; Verykios, Xenophon E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0344-9_3

Cited by 75 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 253 publications

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“…Cα species are reactive that can be easily gasified by interacting with H 2 O, CO 2 , O, or H 2 , whereas Cβ atoms are not reactive [44]. The less reactive Cβ atoms can dissolve in Ni surface generating Ni 3 C species which may resulted in the growth of whisker carbon or nucleate forming coke layers on Ni surface.…”

Section: Overview Of Drmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some metal-oxides, such as CeO 2 and ZrO 2 , can provide their lattice oxygen to oxidize carbon atoms on Ni surface into carbon monooxide [55][56][57]. The oxidation of carbon species from the Ni surface can also proceed via an interaction with hydroxyl groups on the surface, but this process has been suggested only significant at low temperature (<800 • C) [41,44].…”

Section: Reaction Mechanism Of Drm Over Supported Ni Catalysts; Influmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Scientific Progress on Developing Supported Ni Catalysts for Dry (CO2) Reforming of Methane

Seo

2018

Catalysts

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Two major green house gases (CO 2 and CH 4 ) can be converted into useful synthetic gas (H 2 and CO) during dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction, and a lot of scientific efforts has been made to develop efficient catalysts for dry reforming of methane (DRM). Noble metal-based catalysts can effectively assist DRM reaction, however they are not economically viable. Alternatively, non-noble based catalysts have been studied so far, and supported Ni catalysts have been considered as a promising candidate for DRM catalyst. Main drawback of Ni catalysts is its catalytic instability under operating conditions of DRM (>700 • C). Recently, it has been demonstrated that the appropriate choice of metal-oxide supports can address this issue since the chemical and physical of metal-oxide supports can prevent coke formation and stabilize the small Ni nanoparticles under harsh conditions of DRM operation. This mini-review covers the recent scientific findings on the development of supported Ni catalysts for DRM reaction, including the synthetic methods of supported Ni nanoparticles with high sintering resistance.

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Section: Overview Of Drmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reaction Mechanism Of Drm Over Supported Ni Catalysts; Influmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Scientific Progress on Developing Supported Ni Catalysts for Dry (CO2) Reforming of Methane

Seo

2018

Catalysts

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“…Methane (external) reforming (route#1-1, Figure 4) is a well-established technology for synthesis gas (H 2 +CO) or H 2 production (e.g., Ashcroft et al, 1991;Bradford and Vannice, 1999;Verykios, 2003;Papadopoulou et al, 2012;Yentekakis et al, 2015). Practically, any composition (poor, equimolar, or rich in CH 4 ) of the purified biogas itself is a suitable feed for the dry reforming of methane (DRM) process, which occurs through the reaction (R18):…”

Section: Advanced Biogas Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Management: Advanced Utilization for Production of Renewable Energy and Added-value Chemicals

Yentekakis

Goula

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

106

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Biogas is widely available as a product of anaerobic digestion of urban, industrial, animal and agricultural wastes. Its indigenous local-base production offers the promise of a dispersed renewable energy source that can significantly contribute to regional economic growth. Biogas composition typically consists of 35-75% methane, 25-65% carbon dioxide, 1-5% hydrogen along with minor quantities of water vapor, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and halides. Current utilization for heating and lighting is inefficient and polluting, and, in the case of poor quality biogas (CH 4 /CO 2 < 1), exacerbated by detrimental venting to the atmosphere. Accordingly, innovative and efficient strategies for improving the management and utilization of biogas for the production of sustainable electrical power or high added-value chemicals are highly desirable. Utilization is the focus of the present review in which the scientific and technological basis underlying alternative routes to the efficient and eco-friendly exploitation of biogas are described and discussed. After concisely reviewing state-of-the-art purification and upgrading methods, in-depth consideration is given to the exploitation of biogas in the renewable energy, liquid fuels, transport and chemicals sectors along with an account of potential impediments to further progress.Keywords: biogas, upgrading, purification, utilization, SOFC, ethylene, reforming, siloxanes BIOGAS Efficient management of ever-increasing amounts of municipal, industrial and agricultural wastes in order to minimize their environmental impact is an urgent necessity. Biological treatment of wastes, which can be carried out either aerobically or anaerobically, is widely applied in this area. Due to their several advantages the anaerobic processes are to be preferred because they require considerably smaller installations, produce less sludge, operate at lower temperatures and are suited to periodic operation. Much more importantly, they generate biogas, which is an attractive potential source of renewable energy and/or added-value chemicals due to its high content of methane and CO 2 . Anaerobic digestion (AD) can proceed over a wide temperature range, from phychrophilic (ca. 10-20 • C) and mesophilic (ca. 20-45 • C) up to thermophilic (ca. 45-65 • C) and hyperthermophilic (ca. ∼70 • C) levels, by means of cooperation between anaerobes and facultative anaerobe microorganisms, which successively promote a sequence of hydrolysis-acidogenesis,

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“…In order to decrease the carbon formation tendency of Ni catalysts, several approaches have beenproposed: employing appropriate catalyst preparation methods to inhibit coke growth, using metal oxides with strong Lewis basicity as supports or promoters can inhibit coke deposition since Lewis acidity is known to induce coke buildup; addition of a second metal, especially a preciousmetal, can enhance the transport of hydrogen and/or oxygen between the active catalyst and the support by spillover and can alter the mechanism of coke formation; sulfur passivation is known to block the step edge sites where coke buildup is initiated; introducing steam provides both hydrogen and oxygen to the surface, hence restricting the coke formation steps, changing reaction conditions alters the rates of the coke forming steps [11][12][13][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catalysts can be deactivated due to carbon formation [11][12][13], sintering at high temperature [14,15] and oxidation of metallic sites [16,17]. Coke formation has been accepted as the primary reason of deactivation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%