Utilization of By-Product of Groundnut Oil Processing for Production of Prodigiosin by Microbial Fermentation and Its Novel Potent Anti-Nematodes Effect

Abstract

This study aimed to reuse groundnut oil processing by-product, groundnut cake (GNC) for the low-cost production of prodigiosin (PG) via microbial technology and to assess its novel potential application for the management of black pepper nematodes. Serratia marcescens TUN02 was found as the most active PG-producing strain. Various small-scale experiments conducted in flasks indicated that GNC at 1% may be used as the sole carbon/nitrogen source for cost-effective PG production by fermentation. Notably, no further commercial ingredients and salts are required to supplement into the culture medium of this fermentation. PG was further investigated for scale-up production in a 14-L bioreactor system and PG was produced at high yield (6886 mg/L) with large-scale volume (4 L) in a short cultivation time (10 h). PG was then purified and its nematicidal activity was evaluated and showed effective inhibition of juveniles and egg hatching of Meloidogyne incognita species, harmful on black pepper, with low IC50 values of 0.2 and 0.32 mg/mL, respectively. The simple medium containing 1% GNC is the first report of cost-effective biosynthesis of PG, as well as potential in vitro anti-egg hatching activity of PG. These results indicated the potential application of GNC for low-cost bioproduction of PG for promising and novel use in the management of black pepper nematodes.

Synthesis, Anticancer Potential and Comprehensive Toxicity Studies of Novel Brominated Derivatives of Bacterial Biopigment Prodigiosin from Serratia marcescens ATCC 27117

“…On the other side, the nematocidal activity of PG was reported for juvenile Meloidogyne incognita J2 species, harmful on black pepper, with an IC 50 value of 0.2 mg/mL [71], for juveniles of Radopholus similis with LC 50 83 µg/mL and Meloidogyne javanica with the LC 50 value of 79 µg/mL, also exhibiting an antagonistic effect on nematode egghatching ability [72]. Effectiveness of PG against Heterodera schachtii J2 was found to be 4.30 µg/mL [70].…”

Colorful Treasure From Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Sustainable Chassis for Microbial Pigment Production

“…Recently, cost-effective scaled-up production of prodigiosin (6886 mg/L) by S. marcescens TUN02 was achieved in a 14-L bioreactor system by using groundnut cake as the sole carbon/nitrogen source. The anti-nematode activity exhibited by purified prodigiosin exhibited potential for agricultural applications ( Nguyen et al, 2022 ). Table 1 summarizes the various agro-industrial wastes used for pigment production by various microbes via both submerged as well as SSF.…”

Prodigiosin: a promising biomolecule with many potential biomedical applications

“…Also, recycled natural sources such as oil broths of coconut, peanut, and groundnut presented more pigment production than nutrient broth at 28–30°C [ 54 ]. For example, S. marcescens strain TUN02 cultured in a 14 L-fermenter with 4 L of groundnut oil of medium produced 6,89 g L −1 PG only in 4 h cultivation and without any commercial product [ 55 ].…”