Utilization of chitin powder as a filler in natural rubber vulcanizates: In comparison with carbon black filler

Egbujuo, Wisdom Okechukwu; Anyanwu, Placid Ikechukwu; Obasi, Henry Chinedu

doi:10.1556/1848.2020.00006

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The blend filled with carbon black only achieved the highest tensile strength value among all the blends, which can be attributed to the influence of the active surface of the filler. Carbon blacks significantly increase the tensile strength value by their content, often at the expense of elongation at break but only up to an optimum amount depending on the type of carbon black [29]. Blend P7, with the lowest content of carbon black/Chitosan filler combination, showed a decrease in the tensile strength value compared to the P6 blend, caused by the replacement of part of the carbon black with Chitosan.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the influence of Chitosan on selected properties of elastomeric blends

Labaj¹,

Skalková²,

Kopal³

et al. 2023

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current trend of greening production is increasingly bringing to the fore alternative types of fillers, such as biofillers, which are obtained from renewable sources or waste [1, 2]. Unfortunately, biofillers cannot be used as majority fillers due to their incompatibility with elastomer matrices and high biodegradability susceptibility [3, 4]. Therefore, the way to their efficient industrial use leads through supplementary fillers to the commonly used inorganic fillers and the partial replacement of these fillers in the blend. The influence of Chitosan as the majority filler has been investigated and its combination with carbon black filler on the elastomeric matrix of natural rubber was investigated in the presented work. The results were compared with natural rubber blends filled exclusively with carbon black. Natural rubber blends with different content of Chitosan and carbon black and their various combinations were subjected to the determination of vulcanization parameters, mechanical properties before and after thermo‐oxidative aging, and scanning electron microscopy. Although the scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed the expected negative impact of Chitosan as the majority filler on the tensile properties of the vulcanizate, its significant impact on the main vulcanization parameters such as scorch time and optimal vulcanization time was also demonstrated. In the case of blends with a combination of carbon black and Chitosan, it has been shown that Chitosan, in addition to the filler function, also acts as an antioxidant agent through its functional groups, limiting the process of degradation of mechanical properties of natural rubber blends due to their thermo‐oxidative aging. It can be concluded that precisely because of its antioxidant and anti‐degradation effects, Chitosan can be, in addition to carbon black filler, an excellent additional filler for elastomeric blends.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the influence of Chitosan on selected properties of elastomeric blends

Labaj¹,

Skalková²,

Kopal³

et al. 2023

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The CC, CPH and EPFB were individually washed to remove dirt particles, sun dried to maximum of 10% water content. The low moisture content, ensures a lesser degree of a defect arising from shrinkage during the curing process at elevated temperatures [12]. The dried samples were milled to fine powders of less the 0.35mm diameter (uncarbonised fillers).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling behaviour of natural rubber filled with carbon black and plant wastes

Nkengafac¹,

Ajapmua²

2022

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural rubber (NR) is used in many applications; ranging from automobile through health to food industry. However, unfilled NR has poor properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of carbon black (CB), carbonized and un carbonized plant wastes on the swelling behavior of NR. The plant wastes used were corn cob husk (CC), cocoa pod husk (CPH) and empty palm fruit bunch (EPFB). NR vulcanisates with carbon black and different organic wastes fillers were prepared by a two-roll mill. The swelling behavior was studied by immersion in toluene for 72 h. Carbon black and carbonised plant wastes filled NR vulcanisates had better swelling resistance than uncarbonised plant wastes filled NR vulcanisates.

show abstract

“…Rubber coated on BC fiber could prevent the fiber from resisting external work load force [141]. In addition, NR has a high structural regularity and tends to crystallize spontaneously when it is stretched [142].…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of rice husk ash filled natural rubber film: effect of cross-linking agents on mechanical and electrical properties

Sintharm¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural rubber (NR) is one of the most important polymers produced by plants and is widely utilized as raw material for many products due to its excellent flexibility. Rice husk ash (RHA) is one of the major agricultural residues generated from the rice milling plant. In order to add value to NR and RHA, this study aims to use different types of RHA (black rice husk ash (BRHA), white rice husk ash (WRHA) and BRHA treated by acid washing (BRHAT)) as filler in NR composites. By the addition of alginate as a thickening and dispersing agent, a maximum of 100 per hundred rubbers (phr) of RHA could be integrated in NR matrix without phase separation. In addition, this study investigated the effects of crosslinking NR composite by CaCl2 compared to the common crosslinking process by sulfur vulcanization on mechanical and electrical properties of NR composites. Mechanical properties of the composite films with RHAs in terms of tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break were considerably enhanced, compared to the neat NR film. The composite films reinforced with WRHA demonstrated relatively better mechanical properties than those reinforced with BRHA and BRHAT, respectively. The crosslinking by CaCl2 was achieved on NR–WRHA, in which tensile strength and chemical resistance of the composite films were improved close to properties of sulfur vulcanized NR films. The NR composites were biodegradable in soil, with weight loss of 7.6–18.3% of the initial dry weight after 3 months. Dielectric constant, dielectric loss factors and electrical conductivity of the composites were enhanced with RHAs loading. However, dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and electrical conductivity of NR composites with RHAs had dropped significantly after crosslinking the composites by CaCl2 or by sulfur vulcanization. Moreover, bacterial cellulose (BC) reinforced with skim/fresh natural rubber latex (SNRL/FNRL) were future developed by combining the prominent mechanical properties of multilayer BC nanofibrous structural networks and the high elasticity of NR. As compared to FNRL, SNRL could easily diffuse through the pores of a BC network. Many good benefits were obtained for the reinforcement with SNRL, including good mechanical properties, chemical resistance and noticeably improved dielectric properties. The SNRL-BC films are biodegradable and could be mostly or totally decomposed in soil within 6 weeks. The composite films developed in this study display potential for further application as semiconducting polymer films and flexible electronic devices for electronic applications.

show abstract

Utilization of chitin powder as a filler in natural rubber vulcanizates: In comparison with carbon black filler

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Study of the influence of Chitosan on selected properties of elastomeric blends

Study of the influence of Chitosan on selected properties of elastomeric blends

Swelling behaviour of natural rubber filled with carbon black and plant wastes

Preparation and characterization of rice husk ash filled natural rubber film: effect of cross-linking agents on mechanical and electrical properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About