Utilization of deceased organ donors based on HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus screening test results

Theodoropoulos, Nicole; Kroll‐Desrosiers, Aimee; Ison, Michael G.

doi:10.1111/tid.13275

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The value of NAT technology should be underlined by the fact that it might also be transferred beyond the scope of blood transfusions -organ utilization of HBV and/or HCV NAT-negative organs is increased over time despite positive antibody status (NAT-negative but seropositive), as reported based on evaluation of results and utilization information for organ donor referrals from 2004 to 2017, out of whom 1.8% were HCV antibody-positive and NATnegative (12). The use of NAT for deceased donor screening correlated with increased utilization of donor organs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NАТ technology – a step forward in hepatitis C screening in Bulgaria

Ivanova

Yordanova

Karagyozova

et al. 2020

Scripta Scientifica Pharmaceutica

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INTRODUCTION:Globally, blood transfusions are the cause of transmissible infections in between 10% and 15% of all patients. Currently, the testing of donor blood for transmissible infections is utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA and chemiluminescence method CLIA for screening and detection of hepatitis C (HCV Ag/Ab). Since February, 2020 all donor samples of blood taken in the 5 centers for transfusion hematology in Bulgaria have been tested for markers of transmissible infections, including HCV, by nucleic acid testing (NAT). AIM:We have set the goal to analyze data produced by the implementation of NAT testing of donor blood for the period of 4 months (from 10th of February to 16th of June, 2020) regarding HCV infected samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We present our experience of using NAT and data produced by its implementation for testing of donor blood for a period of 4 months, from the time NAT technology was implemented in Bulgaria. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:The performance of the multiplex Procleix Ultrio Elite assay as individual donor nucleic acid test for the detection of HCV is evaluated in a retrospective study. An advantage of the method is that it not only allows for timely identification of infected donor blood and saves lives of the recipients but also saves the lives of donors, as treatment of chronic hepatitis C continues to progress and is now effective in clearing the virus in more than half of the patients. In terms of safety and security of diagnosis and blood products obtained, the method has no alternative. CONCLUSION:A recommendation is drafted: to adopt a strategy to increase the quality of healthcare by introducing a one-time HCV screening for adults aged 18 and above, for individuals at risk and for pregnant women to reduce further the risk of incidental transmission of the hepatitis C virus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NАТ technology – a step forward in hepatitis C screening in Bulgaria

Ivanova

Yordanova

Karagyozova

et al. 2020

Scripta Scientifica Pharmaceutica

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“…The global prevalence of HBsAg-positive donors ranges from 0.5% to 7% among all potential donors, they are relatively common in endemic regions, such as the Far East and the Mediterranean basin [ 50 ]. Provided strict selection criteria are used, such as the absence of hepatitis delta infection in donors and recipients and/or the absence of significant fibrosis of the graft, the use of organs from HBsAg-positive donors is associated with favorable outcomes [ 51 , 52 ]. However, a case report showed a good result after LT of a HDV-coinfected patient who received a HbsAg-negative HBV-DNA positive graft.…”

Section: Patients Receiving Hbsag-positive Graftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Antiviral Prophylaxis in Preventing HBV and HDV Recurrence in the Setting of Liver Transplantation

Battistella

Zanetto

Gambato

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a prevalent underlying disease, leading to liver transplantation (LT) for both decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The hepatitis delta virus (HDV) affects approximately 5–10% of HBsAg carriers, accelerating the progression of liver injury and HCC. The initial introduction of HBV immunoglobulins (HBIG), and then of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs), considerably improved the survival of HBV/HDV patients post-transplantation, as they helped prevent re-infection of the graft and recurrence of liver disease. Combination therapy with HBIG and NUCs is the primary post-transplant prophylaxis strategy in patients transplanted for HBV- and HDV-related liver disease. However, monotherapy with high-barrier NUCs, such as entecavir and tenofovir, is safe and also effective in some individuals who are at low risk of HBV reactivation. To address the problems of organ shortage, last-generation NUCs have facilitated the use of anti-HBc and HBsAg-positive grafts to meet the ever-increasing demand for grafts.

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“…HCV‐negative recipients of organs from HCV‐aviremic donors have low likelihood of infection without risk factors for acute donor HCV infection (e.g., death from drug overdose) [74, 84]. In a study of serologies for potential donor organs screened from OPOs from 2004–2017, Theodoropoulos et al [85] demonstrated an increase in utilization of HCV‐aviremic donors after the use of NAT screening.…”

Section: Hepatitis C Positive‐to‐negative Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplanting Organs from Donors with HIV or Hepatitis C: The Viral Frontier

2021

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A wide gap between the increasing demand for organs and the limited supply leads to immeasurable loss of life each year. The organ shortage could be attenuated by donors with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). The transplantation of organs from HIV+ deceased donors into HIV+ individuals (HIV D+ /R+) was initiated in South Africa in 2010; however, this practice was forbidden in the USA until the HIV Organ Policy Equity (HOPE) Act in 2013. HIV D+/R+ transplantation is now practiced in the USA as part of ongoing research studies, helping to reduce waiting times for all patients on the waitlist. The introduction of direct acting antivirals for HCV has revolutionized the utilization of donors with HCV for HCV‐uninfected (HCV−) recipients. This is particularly relevant as the HCV donor pool has increased substantially in the context of the rise in deaths related to drug overdose from injection drug use. This article serves to review the current literature on using organs from donors with HIV or HCV.

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Utilization of deceased organ donors based on HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus screening test results

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

NАТ technology – a step forward in hepatitis C screening in Bulgaria

NАТ technology – a step forward in hepatitis C screening in Bulgaria

The Role of Antiviral Prophylaxis in Preventing HBV and HDV Recurrence in the Setting of Liver Transplantation

Transplanting Organs from Donors with HIV or Hepatitis C: The Viral Frontier

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