Utilization of iron (III)-doped nanoshells for in vivo marking of nonpalpable tumors using a VX2 rabbit model

Abstract

INTRODUCTION We aimed to evaluate the potential for ultrasound (US) visible biodegradable nanoshells (NS) as an alternative to wire guided localization (WL) for non-palpable tumors in vivo. METHODS VX2 tumor was injected in bilateral thighs of 22 New Zealand rabbits and after 5-10 days one tumor was marked with a wire as a control and the contralateral tumor was injected with 1mL of 500 nm gas-filled silica NS under Doppler US. Tumors were excised after 24 hours. Chi square was utilized for significance, p=.05. RESULTS One rabbit was excluded on postoperative day 1 due to equipment failure, no ill effects were observed from the NS. The NS were utilized to localize and resect 100% of marked tissue, 4/21 wires were displaced (p<.05) . CONCLUSIONS We have shown that preoperatively injected US visible silica NS can be successfully utilized to mark non-palpable tumors in vivo more consistently than WL.

Doppler Ultrasound-Visible SignalMark Microspheres are Better Identified than HydroMARK® Clips in a Simulated Intraoperative Setting in Breast and Lung Tissue

“…SignalMark is a novel marker based on hollow microparticles that have a unique signal on Doppler ultrasound. 9 Our group has previously shown in rabbit experiments that microsphere-injected tumors were excised with significantly less marker migration versus traditional wire localization. 9 To date, we have not compared localization of SignalMark to the commercially available HydroMARK ® clips.…”

“…9 Our group has previously shown in rabbit experiments that microsphere-injected tumors were excised with significantly less marker migration versus traditional wire localization. 9 To date, we have not compared localization of SignalMark to the commercially available HydroMARK ® clips. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of intraoperative identification of SignalMark Doppler ultrasound-visible microspheres compared with the B-mode ultrasound-visible HydroMARK ® clip in a simulated intraoperative setting.…”