Utilization of Modified Zeolite as Catalyst for Steam Gasification of Palm Kernel Shell

Abstract

Syngas from biomass gasification is being developed for alternative feedstock in the chemical industry. Palm kernel shell which is generated from palm oil industry can be potentially used as raw material for gasification process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of modified natural zeolite catalysts in steam gasification of palm kernel shells. Mordenite type zeolite was modified by acid leaching to be used as a tar cracking catalyst. Steam gasification was conducted at the temperature range of 750–850 °C and the steam to biomass ratio was in the range of 0–2.25. The result showed that steam gasification of palm kernel shell with the addition of zeolite catalyst at 750 °C and steam to biomass ratio 2.25 could reduce tar content up to 98% or became 0.7 g/Nm3. In this study, gasification of palm kernel shells produced syngas with the hydrogen concentration in the range of 52–64% and H2/CO ratio of 2.7–5.7. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

A review on thermochemical based biorefinery catalyst development progress

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A review of the thermochemistries of biomass gasification and utilisation of gas products

“…143 During air gasification of rice husk, increase in dolomite quantity from 10 to 40%, increased hydrogen, carbon oxide, and carbon dioxide yields from 2.6 to ∼4%, 15.2 to 17.3%, and 9.3 to 10.5%, respectively. 185 The hydrogen content from gasification of cotton stalk chops using dolomite, olivine, and quartz sand was reported as 31.45, 23.72, and 22.79%, respectively, 186 showing the superior performance of dolomite. Furthermore, hydrogen yields from gasification of cellulose, 144 spruce wood pellets, 187 pine saw dust, 188 almond shell, 145 bark pellets, 150 and refuse-derived fuel (RDF), 189 using calcined dolomite were reported to be 8.33, 22.80, 49.33, 55.5, 25.8, and 13%, respectively.…”

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