Utilization of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in an organic dairy farming system in Norway

Steinshamn, Håvard; Thuen, E.; Bleken, Marina Azzaroli; Brenøe, Ulrik Tutein; Ekerholt, Georg; Yri, C.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022

Cited by 90 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Stockless organic farms show P-deficits, while farms with livestock can compensate by importing P in additional feed and bedding material 17,18 . Negative balances of P for organic dairy farms in Norway were reported by Steinshamn et al 60 . P deficits were also reported by Emmerling 57 in a stockless trial with RT under organic farming conditions.…”

Section: Nutrient Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of reduced tillage on soil organic carbon and nutrient budgets under organic farming

Gadermaier

Berner

Fließbach

et al. 2011

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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No-tillage (NT) and reduced tillage (RT) systems are well-known management tools for reducing soil erosion and improving soil fertility. NT and RT may improve the environmental and economic performance of organic farming, but they are still not common practice among organic farmers. This paper presents the effects of tillage [RT versus conventional tillage (CT)], fertilization (slurry versus manure compost) and biodynamic preparations (with versus without) on soil fertility indicators such as soil organic carbon (C org ), microbial biomass and microbial activity, soil nutrients and nutrient budgets in an organic farming system during the first six-year crop rotation period of a long-term experiment on a clayey soil in a temperate climate. RT caused stratification of soil organic carbon (C org ), microbial properties and soil nutrients in the soil profile. Under RT, C org in the 0-10 cm soil layer increased from 2.19 to 2.61% (w/w) from 2002 to 2008, whereas it remained constant under CT. In both tillage treatments, C org remained constant in the 10-20 cm soil depth. Microbial biomass C increased by 37% under RT in the 0-10 cm soil depth and microbial activity [dehydrogenase activity (DHA)] was enhanced by 57%. Soil microbial biomass C and DHA in the 10-20 cm soil depth were also higher under RT (+ 10 and + 17%, respectively). Soluble soil P and K were 72 and 40%, respectively, higher in 0-10 cm soil depth under RT when compared with CT. Fertilization showed no effects on the measured soil properties. Biodynamic preparations increased solely the C mic -to-N mic (soil microbial biomass C to soil microbial biomass N) ratio by 7% in the 0-10 cm soil depth. Nutrient budgets for P were balanced in all treatments, but N and K exports were higher under RT compared to CT. We conclude that RT is a suitable method for increasing indicators of soil fertility in organic farming systems. The combined effects of RT and an organic farming system with a diverse, ley-based crop rotation and organic fertilization merit further promotion and it may be considered for supporting actions by the agricultural policy schemes.

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Section: Nutrient Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of reduced tillage on soil organic carbon and nutrient budgets under organic farming

Gadermaier

Berner

Fließbach

et al. 2011

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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show abstract

“…The opposite was found in the organic system OM1, with the same crop rotation and tillage as CM, but with a calculated N deficit of 23 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , indicating that the relatively high production has been maintained at the cost of the soil organic N pool. Similarly, Steinshamn et al [34] reported an annual N deficit of 16 kg N ha −1 , not including N leaching and denitrification, at the field level in an organic Applied and Environmental Soil Science 13 crop rotation with 50% grassland (barley, forage rape + Italian ryegrass, oats + peas, 3-year grassland).…”

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

N, P, and K Budgets and Changes in Selected Topsoil Nutrients over 10 Years in a Long-Term Experiment with Conventional and Organic Crop Rotations

Korsæth

2012

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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This study presents soil system budgets of N, P and K in six contrasting cropping systems during 10 years of a long-term experiment in southeast Norway. The experiment included systems with arable cash-cropping and with mixed arable-dairy cropping (cash-and fodder crops), with organic and conventional management represented in both groups. All major nutrient inputs and outputs were measured or estimated. State of the art conventional cash-cropping appeared to be balanced in terms of N, whereas conventional mixed cropping had an N surplus. By contrast, less up to date conventional arable cash-cropping and all the organic systems showed indications of soil organic N depletion (negative N budgets). All the organic systems showed that mining of the soil P and K content occurs, whereas the conventional systems all had P and K surpluses. The results corresponded well with measured differences between systems in terms of ignition loss, P-AL, K-AL and K-HNO 3 measured in 2009. This study shows that a fertile soil may be exposed to substantial mining of N, P and K over many years before it is detectable by traditional analyses, and that field nutrient budgeting is a feasible, but data-demanding, approach to detect such misbalances at an early stage.

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“…The methods for calculating nutrient flows within the farming systems and nutrient balances follow those described in studies by Granstedt (1995;2000), Cederberg and Flysjö (2004), Halberg et al (2000), Kristensen et al (2005), Steinshamn et al (2004) and Statistics Sweden (SCB, 2003a). In these studies the nutrient surplus is defined as the difference between input and output of nutrients into the system.…”

Section: Field and Farm Gate Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable governance of the agriculture and the Baltic Sea — Agricultural reforms, food production and curbed eutrophication

Larsson

Granstedt²

2010

Ecological Economics

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Utilization of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in an organic dairy farming system in Norway

Cited by 90 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of reduced tillage on soil organic carbon and nutrient budgets under organic farming

Impact of reduced tillage on soil organic carbon and nutrient budgets under organic farming

N, P, and K Budgets and Changes in Selected Topsoil Nutrients over 10 Years in a Long-Term Experiment with Conventional and Organic Crop Rotations

Sustainable governance of the agriculture and the Baltic Sea — Agricultural reforms, food production and curbed eutrophication

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