Utilization of power plant bottom ash as aggregates in fiber-reinforced cellular concrete

Influence of cement flow and aggregate type on the mechanical and acoustic characteristics of porous concrete

“…Even when a considerable amount of AE admixture (0.1 wt.%) is added to the cement paste, air bubbles are not generated on the surface of the paste, which covers the aggregates. This is attributed to the strong surface tension of a thin cement paste rim around the aggregates [20]. Hence, the AE admixture cannot generate small open pores, which would enhance the absorption characteristics (as in formed concrete), but rather it only acts as an expansion agent for the cement paste, which is thought to degrade the absorption characteristics in this study.…”

“…The lightweight aggregate absorbs cement paste from micropores on the surface of the aggregates. As a result, aggregates having smaller size have a larger total surface area if the absolute volume ratio of the aggregates is the same [20], and therefore the cement paste covering the aggregates can be better absorbed when smaller aggregates are used. For this reason, the total void ratio of the 4-8 mm aggregates, which have large surface area, falls in a range of 46-50%.…”

Characterization and application of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash and waste granite powder in alkali activated slag

“…And the resulting bottom ash is encouraged to be reused as a secondary building material in Europe especially considering the rapidly increased amount of land filling and to reduce the usage of natural gravels. In addition, applications of bottom ash as aggregate substitute in cement based materials were successfully carried out (Forteza et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2010).…”

A study of multiple effects of nano-silica and hybrid fibres on the properties of Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) incorporating waste bottom ash (WBA)

“…The most widespread practice is the reuse of WBA as an aggregate substitute for road base [23,24], which is subject to strict requirements that are defined by each European country, for example, the Spanish specifications for road construction [25]. Another important way of application of WBA is as an aggregate for concrete [26][27][28]. Nevertheless, due to the fact that there is metallic aluminium in the WBA, which can react in alkaline solution and produce hydrogen [29][30][31], many cracks can be generated in the concrete and its mechanical properties could be reduced.…”