Utilization of spray-dried blood cells and crystalline isoleucine in nursery pig diets1

Abstract

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate spray-dried blood cells (SDBC) and crystalline isoleucine in nursery pigs. In Exp. 1, 120 pigs were used to evaluate 0, 2, 4, and 6% SDBC (as-fed basis) in a sorghum-based diet. There were six replicates of each treatment and five pigs per pen, with treatments imposed at an initial BW of 9.3 kg and continued for 16 d. Increasing SDBC from 0 to 4% had no effect on ADG, ADFI, and G:F. Pigs fed the 6% SDBC diet had decreased ADG (P < 0.01) and G:F (P = 0.06) compared with pigs fed diets containing 0, 2, or 4% SDBC. In Exp. 2, 936 pigs were used to test diets containing 2.5 or 5% SDBC (as-fed basis) vs. two control diets. There were six replicates of each treatment at industry (20 pigs per pen) and university (six pigs per pen) locations. Treatments were imposed at an initial BW of 5.9 and 8.1 kg at the industry and the university locations, respectively, and continued for 16 d. Little effect on pig performance was noted by supplementing 2.5% SDBC, with or without crystalline Ile, in nursery diets. Pigs fed the 5% SDBC diet without crystalline Ile had decreased ADG (P < 0.01), ADFI (P < or = 0.10), and G:F (P < 0.05) compared with pigs fed the control diets. Supplementation of Ile restored ADG, ADFI, and G:F to levels that were not different from that of pigs fed the control diets. In Exp. 3, 1,050 pigs were used to test diets containing 5, 7.5, or 9% SDBC (as-fed basis) vs. a control diet. There were six replicates of each treatment at the industry (20 pigs per pen) location and five replicates at the university (six pigs per pen) locations. Treatments were imposed at an initial BW of 6.3 and 7.0 kg at the industry and university locations, respectively, and continued for 16 d. Supplementation of 5% SDBC without crystalline Ile decreased ADG and G:F (P < 0.01) compared with pigs fed the control diet, but addition of Ile increased ADG (P < 0.01) to a level not different from that of pigs fed the control diet. The decreased ADG, ADFI, and G:F noted in pigs fed the 7.5% SDBC diet was improved by addition of Ile (P < 0.01), such that ADG and ADFI did not differ from those of pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed diets containing 9.5% SDBC exhibited decreased ADG, ADFI, and G:F (P < 0.01), all of which were improved by Ile addition (P < 0.01); however, ADG (P < 0.05) and G:F (P = 0.09) remained lower than for pigs fed the control diet. These data indicate that SDBC can be supplemented at relatively high levels to nursery diets, provided that Ile requirements are met.

Response of piglets to the standardized ileal digestible isoleucine, histidine and leucine supply in cereal–soybean meal-based diets

“…Inclusion of 7.5% of spray-dried blood cells in diets for pigs weighing 8 to 23 kg required 59% SID Ile : Lys to maximize ADG (Wiltafsky et al, 2009). Blood cells have a high or very high content of Leu, Val, His and Phe and these AAs compete with Ile in the transport and catabolic pathways (Kerr et al, 2004;Barea et al, 2009a). As a result, a greater Ile supply is required to maintain performance.…”

The influence of porcine blood by-products on laying hen performance, egg quality, and yolk mineral content

“…As signalized by Kerr et al (2004), Tyus et al (2009) and , the deficit of isoleucine in blood cells did not significantly affect laying parameters. In successive periods, some of the differences between all treatments and for experimental factors (type and level of spray-dried blood by-products) were statistically insignificant.…”

“…Spray-dried porcine blood plasma (SDBP) contains almost three times less Met (Owen et al, 1995), a lower amount of Lys, 2-3-time more Cys, and more Try, Ileu, Leu and Val . In contrast, spray-dried porcine blood cells (SDBC) are poor in Ileu (Orda et al, 1988;NRC, 1998;Kerr et al, 2004;Márquez et al, 2005;Amino News, 2006;Jamroz et al, 2011). The mineral composition of blood by-products is characterized by low contents of Ca, P and Mg and relatively high concentration of some microelements .…”

Branched chain amino acids in feeding pigs: Review

“…Utilizando subproduto do processo de produção do plasma suíno (hemácias secas por pulverização) que possuem uma baixa concentração de isoleucina na sua composição, Kerr et al (2004) observaram uma redução no CDR, GPD e conversão alimentar (CA) à medida que aumentaram o nível de inclusão de hemácias spray-dried na dieta. No entanto, este subproduto pode ser incluído nas dietas de leitões desmamados até o nível de 6%, sempre que a exigência de isoleucina para esta fase seja atendida.…”