Utilization of unsaponifiable matter from rice bran oil fatty acid distillate for preparing an antioxidant-rich oleogel and evaluation of its properties

Abstract

Rice bran oil fatty acid distillate (RBOFAD) is an important by-product obtained from the physical refining process. This fatty acid distillate contains high a amount of Unsaponifiable Matter (γ-oryzanol 3.27 gm/100gm UM; total tocopherol 10.93 mg/100 g UM; total phytosterol 21.81 g/100g UM; squalene 1.15 g/100 g UM and total fatty alcohol 73.34 g/100 g UM) and free fatty acids. Antioxidant-rich Oleogels were obtained from rice bran wax (RBW), rice bran oil fatty acid distillate (RBOFAD) and refined rice bran oil. The main objective of this study was to utilize the antioxidant-rich unsaponifiable matter of RBOFAD (UMRBOFAD) as an organogelator along with rice bran wax, which also acts as a good organogelator. Antioxidant-rich oleogel was prepared using UMRBFAD, ethylcellulose (EC) and RBW at 2%, 2%, 3% on weight basis, respectively, in refined rice bran oil and this antioxidant-rich oleogel was compared with rice bran oil oleogel using RBW at 7% on weight basis of rice bran oil. These oleogels were evaluated using a combination of techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscopy (PLM), Viscosity, synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) and FTIR Spectroscopy. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measured the thermal properties of rice bran oil oleogel and high antioxidant-rich oleogel. Polarized light microscopy images revealed needle-like crystals for RBW. SR-XRD measurements were used for clarification of the crystal structures of the building blocks of these oleogels. The antioxidant activities of oleogels were evaluated involving DPPH and ABTS assays.

Assessment of Genetic Variability and Bran Oil Characters of New Developed Restorer Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…The high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, especially essential fatty acids, lead to an increase in the nutritional values of rice bran oil. The results of the fatty acids composition of rice bran oil extracted from stabilized genotypes rice bran of the present study agreed with those obtained by the authors of [18,39,52].…”

“…This healthy vegetable oil with a balanced fatty acid profile is more effective for preventing heart disease, skin disease, and cancer, and it improves the immune system activity and neurological function [ 17 , 18 ]. The characterization of genetically broad rice germplasms for both bran lipid content and fatty acids composition is of special importance in identifying possible sources of variation as well as potentially beneficial genotypes.…”

Effect of Dietary Fiber and Thermal Conditions on Rice Bran Wax-Based Structured Edible Oils

“…Similar outcomes were achieved by Sahu et al [ 51 ] in a study on the utilization of unsaponifiable matter obtained from rice bran oil for preparing an antioxidant-rich oleogel. Likewise, Saha et al [ 50 ], comparing the rheological properties of the oil, oil, and wax suspension with wax oleogel and oleo-foam, noticed that for temperatures above 70 °C the viscosity of all the investigated systems was similar, thus confirming that most solid content has melted.…”

Determination of physical and chemical properties of oleogels prepared with olive oil and olive‐based emulsifier

“…Since OBE is white, yellowness, greenness, and brightness reduced with the increased OBE ratio (Table 1). This could be due to the unsaponifiable matter from OBE (Sahu et al, 2020).…”

“…Among these approaches, oleogelation has been actively explored as an emerging technology geared towards the development of healthier lipid-based food products to modify lifestyle and prevent diet-induced diseases such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases (Marangoni & Garti, 2011;Wijarnprecha et al, 2018). Oleogelator is a class of organogelator, and some organogelator examples are rice bran wax, candellilla wax, carnauba wax, and beeswax (Dassanayake et al, 2009;Moghtadaei et al, 2018;Sahu et al, 2020). In this technique, oleogelator agents are mixed with oil, and the oil is entrapped within a threedimensional thermo-reversible network created by oleogelator.…”