Utilization of waste for building materials – a review

Abstract

Since ancient times naturally available materials are being used for the purpose of construction. Due to overutilization of these resources leads to its unavailability or depletion of these materials. On the other hand, lots of industrial wastes, municipal solid wastes are generated which are sent to landfill. The produced industrial and municipal wastes are not disposed properly. If they are not disposed safely or properly it will pose threats to the human community and also to the environment. These wastes need to be managed properly for safe disposal or alternate ways need to be identified for its utilization. This paper reviews the various types of waste that are used in construction and their usage as building material, its various application and the extent they can be used in building materials are discussed. Sugarcane bagasse ash, municipal solid waste incinerator ash, paper pulp, ground granulated blast furnace slag, copper slag are the wastes reviewed in this study. Many past researches have been identified for utilizing these industrial wastes sustainably in construction sector for manufacturing of bricks, concrete, special concrete etc. The general conclusion from the studies were that GGBS is a good alternative pozzolanic material for cement while the copper slag can be used in many forms as a replacement material in concrete. The MSWI ash is most suitable for use in cement and clay bricks whereas the sugarcane bagasse ash can be ideally used both in cement and clay bricks.

Construction waste recycling in the circular economy model

“…There are some particularities of the recycling of construction materials primarily caused by the nature of materials and their physical and chemical properties, which contributes to the development of new recycling methods for each fraction of waste and improvement of the efficiency of existing recycling systems [2]. The key direction is the sorting of construction waste for rational processing and better recycling, as well as the increase in alternative waste management options [3].…”

Non-Structural Vibro-Compressed Concrete Incorporating Industrial Wastes

“…This is particularly true for the concrete products industry, as concrete is the most consumed material in the world after water. Concrete's ability to incorporate waste or by-products provides a key opportunity to boost the efficient use of resources, moving towards a cleaner and more circular economy and helping to make it more resource-efficient and competitive [5][6][7].…”

Feasible study on optimal utilization of blended fly ash and GGBS on the performance of concrete

“…Therefore, researchers across the globe are making tireless efforts to identify materials that can replace cement. Supplementary Cementitious materials were incorporated as cement replacements to improve IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2779/1/012007 2 concrete's performance while reducing the amount of cement needed [6] [7][8] [9]. After 90 days of curing, the outcomes of utilizing fly ash as a substitute for cement at a rate of up to 45 percent are comparable to those of using control concrete [10].…”