Utilizing an ionic liquid for synthesizing a soft matter polymer “gel” electrolyte for high rate capability lithium-ion batteries

Patel, Monalisa; Gnanavel, M.; Bhattacharyya, Aninda J.

doi:10.1039/c1jm12269j

Cited by 55 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Following the first approach, further studies showedv ery promising resultsfor such electrolyte systems by using avariety of ILs and replacing the PEO matrix, for instance, with "inactive" PVdF-HFP, [240][241][242][243][244][245][246][247] poly(urethane acrylate), [248] cross-linked polymers, [248][249][250][251][252] polymer blends, [253,254] or polymerici onic liquids (PILs). [255][256][257][258][259] Concerning the utilization of "inactive" polymerm atrices, such as PVdF-HFP, the enhanced conductivity for ac ontrolled amount of added IL was assigned to the increased number of chargec arriers, as supported by the presence of strong electron-withdrawing functionalg roups,s uch as ÀCÀF( and their high dielectric constant, e = 8.4);t his leads to extendedl ithium salt dissolution, and thus, compensates for decreased ion mobility due to increased viscosity. [260] Nevertheless,d espite their highly favorable electrochemical and, in particular,s afety characteristics, such IL-SPE electrolyte systemss uffer two major issues:1 )a relatively low ionic conductivitya ta na mbient temperature of around 10 À4 Scm À1 , which is commonly not sufficientf or practical applications (ionic conductivities comparable to those of liquid,c arbonatebased electrolytes mayb ea chieved at 70 8C); [169,232] and 2) incompatibility with state-of-the-art cathode materials, which reversibly (de-)insertingl ithiumi ons at potentials highert han 4V ,f or instance, Li(Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 )O 2 , [261] limiting their utilization so far to active materials such as LiFePO 4 [258,[262][263][264] LiFe 1Àx Mn x PO 4 , [265] LiMnPO 4 , [266] or vanadium oxides [267,…”

Section: Gel-polymer Electrolytes (Gpes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

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Lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly important for electrifying the modern transportation system and, thus, hold the promise to enable sustainable mobility in the future. However, their large-scale application is hindered by severe safety concerns when the cells are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. These safety issues are intrinsically related to their superior energy density, combined with the (present) utilization of highly volatile and flammable organic-solvent-based electrolytes. Herein, state-of-the-art electrolyte systems and potential alternatives are briefly surveyed, with a particular focus on their (inherent) safety characteristics. The challenges, which so far prevent the widespread replacement of organic carbonate-based electrolytes with LiPF6 as the conducting salt, are also reviewed herein. Starting from rather "facile" electrolyte modifications by (partially) replacing the organic solvent or lithium salt and/or the addition of functional electrolyte additives, conceptually new electrolyte systems, including ionic liquids, solvent-free, and/or gelled polymer-based electrolytes, as well as solid-state electrolytes, are also considered. Indeed, the opportunities for designing new electrolytes appear to be almost infinite, which certainly complicates strict classification of such systems and a fundamental understanding of their properties. Nevertheless, these innumerable opportunities also provide a great chance of developing highly functionalized, new electrolyte systems, which may overcome the afore-mentioned safety concerns, while also offering enhanced mechanical, thermal, physicochemical, and electrochemical performance.

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Section: Gel-polymer Electrolytes (Gpes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

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“…Indeed, with low molecular weight (gel‐like) polymers, room temperature ionic conductivity can be achieved. Patel et al 148. recently synthesised a soft (gel‐like) polymer electrolyte for room‐temperature lithium‐polymer batteries.…”

Section: Titania Versus Nanostructured Titaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Organised TiO₂ Nanotubes for 2D or 3D Li‐Ion Microbatteries

Kyeremateng

2014

ChemElectroChem

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This paper presents a Review on the development of thin‐film (all‐solid‐state) Li‐ion microbatteries. The need to move from 2D to 3D configurations, the ever‐increasing necessity to adopt Li‐ion or rocking‐chair technology in microbatteries, and the development of new processing techniques and materials are discussed. Materials based on TiO2 are very promising as negative electrodes for Li‐ion microbatteries. Strong emphasis is placed on the possibility of utilising TiO2, especially self‐supported nanotubular TiO2, as an anode material for commercial 2D or 3D Li‐ion microbatteries. The use of TiO2 is ecologically and economically competitive and provides cells with low self‐discharge while eliminating the risk of overcharging due to its relatively high operating voltage. The high operating voltage of TiO2 also presents the advantage of negligible electrolyte decomposition. Each polymorphic form of TiO2 (anatase, rutile, TiO2(B), or brookite) has an attractive lithium storage behaviour, especially, when nanostructured. Owing to their remarkable nanoarchitecture, TiO2 nanotubes grown by potentiostatic anodization, and their derivatives (cation‐ or anion‐doped and hierarchical composites with nanostructured metals or metal oxides), deserve attention for the fabrication of 2D or 3D Li‐ion microbatteries.

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“…Up to date, ionic liquids (ILs) are the best additive to enhance the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes significantly. ILs have emerged as promising candidates because of their unique physicochemical properties, for example, wide electrochemical potential window (up to 6 V), wide decomposition temperature range, negligible vapor pressure, non-toxic, non-volatile, non-flammable, good oxidative stability and superior ion mobility with environmental friendly feature [17][18][19]. Same polymer-salt system has been prepared and investigated in our published work but we used 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (BmImI) as ionic liquid in our previous published work [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%