Utilizing benzotriazole inhibitor for the protection of metals against diffusion-controlled corrosion under flow conditions

Youssef, Yehia M.; Ahmed, Nivin M.; Nosier, S. A.; Farag, H.A.; Hassan, Ibrahim; Abdel‐Aziz, M.H.; Sedahmed, G.H.

doi:10.1007/s11696-020-01213-2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Meanwhile, Fe 2+ undergoes hydrolysis in parallel as in eq , and accordingly, the acidity increases due to the increase of [H + ] ions, which in turn triggers the release of BTA from BTA-loaded HNTs that will then form complexes with Fe 2+ through electrostatic attraction between the electron pair at the nitrogen atom present in the azole ring and the free d -orbital of Fe 2+ . However, chemisorption layers (compact film structure) may be formed on the steel surface due to the donor–acceptor covalent bond formation between the free d-orbital of Fe 2+ and the nitrogen atom lone pair electrons. ,, Such layers can inhibit both local and uniform corrosion of steel in the presence of chloride ions . Multilevel protection mechanisms are further illustrated in a schematic diagram shown in Figure . …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 However, chemisorption layers (compact film structure) may be formed on the steel surface due to the donor−acceptor covalent bond formation between the free d-orbital of Fe 2+ and the nitrogen atom lone pair electrons. 33,39,42 Such layers can inhibit both local and uniform corrosion of steel in the presence of chloride ions. 33 Multilevel protection mechanisms are further illustrated in a schematic diagram shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilevel Self-Healing Characteristics of Smart Polymeric Composite Coatings

Hassanein

Khan

Fayyad

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Smart polymeric composite coatings demonstrating multilevel self-healing characteristics were developed and characterized. The pHresponsive smart carriers were synthesized by loading halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with the benzotriazole corrosion inhibitor (BTA) using the vacuum cycling method, referred to as (BTA-loaded HNTs). Similarly, mechanically triggered melamine urea-formaldehyde microcapsules encapsulated with the boiled linseed oil-self-healing agent (LO) denoted as (MUFMCs) having an average size of a ∼120 μm diameter with a wall thickness of ∼1.84 μm were synthesized by the in situ polymerization technique. The newly designed double-layered smart polymeric composite coatings (DLPCs) were developed by mixing 3 wt % BTA-loaded HNTs with epoxy and applying it on the clean steel substrate to form a primer layer. After its complete curing, a top layer of epoxy containing 5 wt % of MUFMCs was deposited on it. For an exact comparison, single-layer polymeric composite coatings (SLPCs) containing 3 wt % BTA-loaded HNTs were also developed. The Fourier transform infrared radiation spectra of MUFMCs and BTA-loaded HNTs indicate the existence of all desired functional groups, confirming the presence of loaded chemical species such as LO and BTA into the smart carriers. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates that ∼18% BTA is successfully loaded into HNTs. Quantitative UV-spectroscopic analysis indicates a pH-responsive release of BTA from BTA-loaded HNTs, which is time-dependent, attaining its maximum value of ∼ 90% in an acidic medium after 30 h. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis conducted in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution at room temperature for different immersion times reveals that SLPC exhibits the maximum chargetransfer resistance (R ct ) of 55.47 GΩ cm 2 after the 7th day of immersion, and then, a declining trend is observed, reaching 26.6 GΩ cm 2 after the 9th day. However, in the case of DLPC, the R ct values show a continuous increment, attaining a maximum value of 82.11 GΩ cm 2 after the 9th day of immersion. The improved performance of DLPC can be ascribed to the efficient triggering of the individual carriers in the isolated matrices, resulting in the release of LO and BTA to form individual protective films at the damaged area due to the oxidative polymerization process and triazoles' ability of passive film formation on the substrate, respectively. The tempting self-healing properties of DLPCs justify their decent role for long-term corrosion protection in many industrial applications.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Self-Healing Characteristics of Smart Polymeric Composite Coatings

Hassanein

Khan

Fayyad

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Electron‐rich diamine 2 o can be partially oxidized by nitroxides, generating intensely colored sticky side products. Among the synthesized compounds, 2 a ,[ 74 , 75 , 76 ] 2 p , [77] and 2 r [78] are used as corrosion inhibitors for metals; the structural motives of 2 u , 2 v , and 2 y can be found in the API molecules shown in Figure 3 c.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Demand Flow Platform for the Generation of Anhydrous Dinitrogen Trioxide and Its Further Use inN‐Nitrosative Reactions

2022

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Dinitrogen trioxide (N 2 O 3 ) is a powerful and efficient nitrosating agent that comes with an unprecedented atom economy. However, the synthetic application of N 2 O 3 is still underdeveloped mostly due to its inherent instability and the lack of reliable protocols for its preparation. This paper presents an open-source setup and procedure for the on-demand generation of anhydrous N 2 O 3 solution (up to 1 M), which can be further used for reactions under batch and flow conditions. The accuracy and stability of N 2 O 3 concentration are guaranteed with the absence of head-space in the setup and with the synchronization of the gas flows. The reliability of this protocol is demonstrated by > 30 worked examples in the nitrosative synthesis of heterocycles-a library of structurally diverse benzotriazoles and sydnones. Kinetic and mechanistic aspects of the Nnitrosative steps are also explored.

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“…Electron-rich diamine 2 o can be partially oxidized by nitroxides, generating intensely colored sticky side products. Among the synthesized compounds, 2 a, [74][75][76] 2 p, [77] and 2 r [78] are used as corrosion inhibitors for metals; the structural motives of 2 u, 2 v, and 2 y can be found in the API molecules shown in Figure 3c.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%