Utilizing magnetron sputtered AZO-ITO bilayer structure as transparent conducting oxide for improving the performance of flexible CIGS solar cell

Shen, Xunan; Yang, Minmin; Zhang, Chao; Qiao, Zhongliang; Wang, He; Tang, Chengchun

doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2018.09.001

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Lowering the doping level might be one way to minimize the absorption loss for thick layers; however, throughput reduction and color change induced by the thick layer are not accepted for bifacial solar cells. It has been reported that an ITO/AZO , (AZO deposited on ITO) or AZO/ITO , (ITO deposited on AZO) bilayer can improve the optoelectronic properties. The structure and performance of such bilayer films must be designed according to the requirements of the specific solar cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The a-Si:H(p) emitter requires direct contacting TCO with high work function matching to reduce energy band bending across the a-Si:H(p)/TCO contact interface. − Since the work function of ITO is 4.2–4.7 eV, which is higher than that of AZO (3.4–4.5 eV), the a-Si:H(p)/ITO/AZO composite structure was designed rather than a-Si:H(p)/AZO/ITO. Additionally, in order to overcome the negative effect from the poor environmental moisture resistance of AZO, ,− another structure of a-Si:H(p)/ITO/AZO/ITO was also designed. In this study, we investigate the crystal structure, electrical and optical properties of ITO/AZO stack films at different thickness fractions, and the current–voltage ( I – V ) performance of the back TCO of SHJ solar cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Indium Tin Oxide/Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Transparent Conductive Oxide Stack Films in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

Wang

Meng²,

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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As an alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) has been actively investigated due to its low cost. In this study, different transparent conductive oxide (TCO) structures, including AZO, ITO, ITO 50%/AZO 50%, ITO 25%/AZO 75%, and ITO 25%/AZO 50%/ITO 25%, were investigated comparatively on the back of the silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cell with a rear emitter. The crystalline structure, electrical and optical properties of all the films, and I−V performance of the corresponding SHJ solar cells were analyzed. It was found that the direct application of the individual AZO film onto the rear emitter of the SHJ solar cell could result in conversion efficiency reduction for the solar cell due to the poor contact of a-Si:H(p)/AZO and the low electrical and optical properties of AZO. However, by controlling the deposition conditions carefully, the stack structure of both ITO 50%/AZO 50% and ITO 25%/AZO 50%/ITO 25% could present good performance very close to that of individual ITO. The performance of the solar cells with the two kinds of TCO stacks as the back TCO had been greatly improved compared to the solar cell with the individual AZO. The efficiency gap for the solar cell with the individual ITO could be narrowed to within about 0.1% (absolute value). The results show the possibility of applying the ITO/AZO stack structure in the SHJ solar cell to reduce ITO consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Indium Tin Oxide/Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Transparent Conductive Oxide Stack Films in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

Wang

Meng²,

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…Compared with TiO 2 , the electron mobility in ZnO is higher, which can reduce the electron transfer time in the film (de Jongh and Vanmaekelbergh, 1996). In addition, ZnO and its doping have been widely used in solar cells (Shen et al, 2019), pressure-sensitive devices (Chen et al, 2016), and transparent conductive electrodes (Sharmma et al, 2017) due to its excellent photoelectric performance. Gao et al (2011) fabricated highly transparent and superhydrophobic ZnO nanorod arrays on glass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SiO2 Coated on ZnO Nanorod Arrays With UV-Durable Superhydrophobicity and Highly Transmittance on Glass

Zou

Wei

et al. 2020

Front. Chem.

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ZnO nanorod arrays were fabricated on glass through hydrothermal way. Then a thin SiO 2 film was covered on ZnO nanorod arrays using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique, and modified by stearic acid. It was found that SiO 2 film only had slight effects on the contact angle and transmittance of ZnO nanorod arrays. However, it had brought a huge improvement in the UV durability of superhydrophobic ZnO nanorod arrays. The results showed that the water contact angle remains constantly at 160.5 • even UV irradiation time exceeded 50 h when the deposition time of PLD was about 10 min. This structure with UV-durable superhydrophobicity and highly transmittance on glass substrate can be served as front materials in solar cells.

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“…Transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films stand out for their application in the industries of electronics, solar cells, electrochromic panels, light‐emitting diode/active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode screens, among others. [ 1–4 ] In the last decade, researchers have sought to optimize the deposition processes of thin films for application as TCO, [ 5–7 ] films such as a fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO), tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO), oxide of zinc doped with aluminum (AZO), and variations of these with different codopants. [ 2–4,6–8 ] For application as TCO, the film must have, mainly, a transmittance of ≈80%, low bandgap (≈3 eV), and low resistivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1–4 ] In the last decade, researchers have sought to optimize the deposition processes of thin films for application as TCO, [ 5–7 ] films such as a fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO), tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO), oxide of zinc doped with aluminum (AZO), and variations of these with different codopants. [ 2–4,6–8 ] For application as TCO, the film must have, mainly, a transmittance of ≈80%, low bandgap (≈3 eV), and low resistivity. [ 7 ] Among the thin‐film deposition techniques, the plasma‐assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) stands out for being an easy control technique, environmentally correct, with the possibility of expanding its application and high reproducibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO:Al Thin Films Produced by Magnetron Sputtering with Different Oxygen Flow: An Experimental and Ab Initio Study

Queiroz

Filho

Feitor

et al. 2020

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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This work addresses, in an experimental and theoretical way, the influence of different oxygen pressure values on the physical and electronic properties of thin conductive and transparent oxide films of Al‐doped ZnO, with different thicknesses. A series of characterization techniques, which include X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical spectrophotometry, and Hall measurements are conducted. All films have a hexagonal wurtzite structure characteristic of ZnO, with preferential orientation along the plane (002) and transmittance values, in the visible range, greater than 80%. The increase in flow oxygen up to 25% provides an increase in the film's density resulting in a decrease in electrical resistivity from 9.58 × 10−3 Ω cm to 8.14 × 10−3 Ω cm. The ab initio calculations allow to observe the distortions in the microstructure of the films attributed to the presence of impurities and to obtain the values of the total and formation energies. The values of the Mulliken population and chemical bond length are notoriously influenced by the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere. The displacement of the valence band (VB) and the Fermi level, together with the decrease in the gap energy, reinforce the influence of oxygen gas on the electronic structure of the films.

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Utilizing magnetron sputtered AZO-ITO bilayer structure as transparent conducting oxide for improving the performance of flexible CIGS solar cell

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Application of Indium Tin Oxide/Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Transparent Conductive Oxide Stack Films in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

Application of Indium Tin Oxide/Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Transparent Conductive Oxide Stack Films in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

SiO2 Coated on ZnO Nanorod Arrays With UV-Durable Superhydrophobicity and Highly Transmittance on Glass

Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO:Al Thin Films Produced by Magnetron Sputtering with Different Oxygen Flow: An Experimental and Ab Initio Study

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