Utilizing Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Milner, Erin; Stevens, Benjamin D.; An, Martino; Lam, Victoria; Ainsworth, Michael; Dihle, Preston; Stearns, Jocelyn; Dombrowski, Andrew; Rego, Daniel; Segars, Katharine

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.689958

Cited by 56 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…Bifidobacterium spp. are well known for their immunomodulatory effects especially on Th17 and in the amelioration of inflammatory process (de Vrese et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2011;Groeger et al, 2013;Jungersen et al, 2014;King et al, 2014;Han et al, 2016;Schiavi et al, 2016;Bozkurt et al, 2019;Bozkurt and Kara, 2020;Tian et al, 2020;Arenas-Padilla et al, 2021;Chen and Vitetta, 2021;Hong et al, 2021;Milner et al, 2021). Bifidobacterium may be considered as a supplemental therapeutic agent for controlling cytokine storm and inflammation in patients with COVID-19 (Bozkurt and Quigley, 2020;Bozkurt and Quigley, 2020a;Schett et al, 2020;Bhushan et al, 2021Gautier et al, 2021Mohseni et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Roles of Gut Microbiota in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Farsi

Tahvildari

Arbabi

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late December 2019. Considering the important role of gut microbiota in maturation, regulation, and induction of the immune system and subsequent inflammatory processes, it seems that evaluating the composition of gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy individuals may have potential value as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker for the disease. Also, therapeutic interventions affecting gut microbial flora may open new horizons in the treatment of COVID-19 patients and accelerating their recovery.MethodsA systematic search was conducted for relevant studies published from December 2019 to December 2021 using Pubmed/Medline, Embase, and Scopus. Articles containing the following keywords in titles or abstracts were selected: “SARS-CoV-2” or “COVID-19” or “Coronavirus Disease 19” and “gastrointestinal microbes” or “dysbiosis” or “gut microbiota” or “gut bacteria” or “gut microbes” or “gastrointestinal microbiota”.ResultsOut of 1,668 studies, 22 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and a total of 1,255 confirmed COVID-19 patients were examined. All included studies showed a significant association between COVID-19 and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The most alteration in bacterial composition of COVID-19 patients was depletion in genera Ruminococcus, Alistipes, Eubacterium, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Fusicathenibacter, and Blautia and enrichment of Eggerthella, Bacteroides, Actinomyces, Clostridium, Streptococcus, Rothia, and Collinsella. Also, some gut microbiome alterations were associated with COVID-19 severity and poor prognosis including the increment of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, Campylobacter, Rothia, Corynebacterium, Megasphaera, Enterococcus, and Aspergillus spp. and the decrement of Roseburia, Eubacterium, Lachnospira, Faecalibacterium, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.ConclusionOur study showed a significant change of gut microbiome composition in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy individuals. This great extent of impact has proposed the gut microbiota as a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategy for COVID-19. There is much evidence about this issue, and it is expected to be increased in near future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Roles of Gut Microbiota in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Farsi

Tahvildari

Arbabi

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Improving gut health through microbiome modulation is gaining traction in GI and respiratory diseases [ 149 , 150 ]. The microbiome can be modulated through administration of a single or combination of commensal strains (probiotics), indigestible carbohydrates to promote the expansion of commensal strains (prebiotics), or a combination of both (synbionts).…”

Section: Microbiome Modulation With Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific probiotic strains have been indicated in the reduction in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) incidence [ 157 ] and the management of Clostridium difficile [ 158 , 159 ], though the quality of evidence remains low [ 160 ]. The rise of in vitro, animal, and cell culture research has expanded our understanding of prosed mechanisms of action, and include direct interaction with commensal gut microbiota, modulation of the immune system, production of organic acids, colonization resistance, improved barrier function, production of hormones and other small molecules with systemic effects, and probiotic–host interactions mediated by cell surface structures [ 149 ].…”

Section: Microbiome Modulation With Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interaction between microbiota and the immune system, reviewed in [ 170 ], has impacts systemwide. Probiotics have been shown to modulate immune function through an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines [ 171 , 172 ], a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines [ 149 , 152 , 173 , 174 ], and augmentation of vaccines and antibody response [ 175 , 176 , 177 ]. The most common species to demonstrate immune modulation include Lactobacillus , Bacillus , and Bifidobacterium , and the genus Saccharomyces [ 178 ].…”

Section: Microbiome Modulation With Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common species to demonstrate immune modulation include Lactobacillus , Bacillus , and Bifidobacterium , and the genus Saccharomyces [ 178 ]. The modulation of the immune system through probiotics is not consistent across species or strains, and exhibits variability between hosts [ 149 , 172 ]. Yet recently, Sanders et al [ 179 ] identified that some immune modulatory mechanisms related to cell surface infrastructure were conserved across species and even genera.…”

Section: Microbiome Modulation With Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics?

2022

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening genetic disorder that affects the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, CFTR dysfunction results in low intestinal pH, thick and inspissated mucus, a lack of endogenous pancreatic enzymes, and reduced motility. These mechanisms, combined with antibiotic therapies, drive GI inflammation and significant alteration of the GI microbiota (dysbiosis). Dysbiosis and inflammation are key factors in systemic inflammation and GI complications including malignancy. The following review examines the potential for probiotic and prebiotic therapies to provide clinical benefits through modulation of the microbiome. Evidence from randomised control trials suggest probiotics are likely to improve GI inflammation and reduce the incidence of CF pulmonary exacerbations. However, the highly variable, low-quality data is a barrier to the implementation of probiotics into routine CF care. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials support the potential of dietary fibre and prebiotic supplements to beneficially modulate the microbiome in gastrointestinal conditions. To date, limited evidence is available on their safety and efficacy in CF. Variable responses to probiotics and prebiotics highlight the need for personalised approaches that consider an individual’s underlying microbiota, diet, and existing medications against the backdrop of the complex nutritional needs in CF.

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The Preventative and Curative Functions of Probiotics

Shamim,

Panda,

Mohanty

et al. 2024

Applied Biotechnology and Bioinformatics

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Utilizing Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cited by 56 publications

References 152 publications

Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Roles of Gut Microbiota in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Roles of Gut Microbiota in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics?

The Preventative and Curative Functions of Probiotics

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