Utilizing the IAD index to determine internal quality attributes of apples at harvest and after storage

Nyasordzi, Juliana; Friedman, Haya; Schmilovitch, Z.; Ignát, Tímea; Weksler, Asya; Rot, Illona; Lurie, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2012.11.002

Cited by 60 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Significantly (p > 0.005) strong correlations in the magnitude of r > |0.8| were observed between IAD, FFF, and SPI during fruit maturation. These results are in line with preceding studies on apple fruit, where relevant correlations were revealed between IAD and SPI [25,[28][29][30], as well as IAD and FFF in some [20,28,30,32] but not all [20,29,32] apple cultivars.…”

Section: Iad As a Tool For Assessing The Optimal Harvest Windowsupporting

confidence: 92%

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A Study on the Potential of IAD as a Surrogate Index of Quality and Storability in cv. ‘Gala’ Apple Fruit

Sadar

Zanella

2019

Agronomy

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The decline of relative chlorophyll contents during fruit ripening is considered to be an important indicator of fruit physiological condition. The recent availability of low-cost portable visible spectrum (VIS) spectrometers has spurred research interest towards optical sensing of chlorophyll changes in intact fruit, with many scientists attempting to link the shifts in optical signals, attributed to chlorophyll changes, to different maturity and quality parameters. One of the widely available portable devices for non-destructive estimation of relative chlorophyll contents is the DA meter, which provides a maturity index that is calculated as a difference between absorption at 670 nm (near the chlorophyll-a absorption peak) and 720 nm (background of the spectrum), abbreviated as IAD. In the present study, the evolution of IAD and its relation to starch pattern index (SPI) and fruit flesh firmness (FFF) was monitored in fruit of two cv. 'Gala' clones during maturation and storage, aiming to identify a potential existence of a usable IAD range for the assessment and prediction of the optimal harvest window and storage potential. In both clones, canopy positions, fruit sides, and seasons IAD, SPI, and FFF generally changed in a linear fashion over time, but with partially very different slopes, i.e., they were changing at different rates. What all of these parameters had in common was the presence of a very high biological variability, which is typical of apple fruit. Significantly powerful estimations of SPI (r 2 > 0.7, p < 0.005) and pre-and post-storage FFF (r 2 > 0.6, p < 0.005) were achieved. However, the very large biological variability could not be neutralized, which means that the predictions always included large confidence intervals of up to 0.46-0.59 units for SPI and 0.82-1.1 kgF FFF, which ultimately makes them unusable for practical applications. Experiments done under real-life conditions in a commercial fruit storage facility on several different fruit batches confirmed that IAD measured at harvest cannot be used indiscriminately for predicting post-storage FFF of cv. 'Gala' originating from different orchards. Nevertheless, mean IAD values that were obtained at optimal maturity from samples of the same orchards remained stable over seasons (0.8-1.2), which strongly suggests that, provided that the calibrations and validations are not only cultivar, but also orchard-specific, IAD has a potential for estimating maturity and storability of apple fruit. In this case, IAD could replace standard maturity indices, otherwise it would be suited for use as a supplementary index for determining fruits physiological maturity status.Agronomy 2019, 9, 642 2 of 16 they are based on destructive analyses, with the obtained data presenting low repeatability and high vulnerability to interpretation errors [1,2].In recent years, various methods for quality and ripeness evaluation of intact agricultural products have been developed [3][4][5][6][7]. A potential technique for assessing fruits physiological stage is to m...

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Section: Iad As a Tool For Assessing The Optimal Harvest Windowsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Moderately strong correlations, with a magnitude above 0.7, were also observed between IAD, FFF, and SPI for cv. 'Starking' apples [30]. On the other hand, weak correlations (r 2 < 0.2) between IAD with SPI and FFF were recorded for cv.…”

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confidence: 83%

A Study on the Potential of IAD as a Surrogate Index of Quality and Storability in cv. ‘Gala’ Apple Fruit

Sadar

Zanella

2019

Agronomy

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“…The I AD has been recognized as a potential suitable harvest index to in-situ monitoring fruit maturation in some cultivars of peaches (Bonora et al, 2013(Bonora et al, , 2014(Bonora et al, , 2015, plums (Infante et al, 2011), and apples (Nyasordzi et al, 2013), among others fruit species. Lately, this device has been recently tested for the prediction of cherry maturity through the estimation of fruit skin anthocyanin, with very promising results (Nagpala et al, 2013).…”

Section: Several Agronomic and Physiological Factors Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive Assessment of Highbush Blueberry Fruit Maturity Parameters and Anthocyanins by Using a Visible/Near Infrared (vis/NIR) Spectroscopy Device: A Preliminary Approach

Ribera-Fonseca

Noferini²,

Rombolà

2016

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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We evaluate the use of a portable and non-invasive technology based on visible and near infrared (vis/NIR) spectroscopy (Cherry-Meter) for monitoring fruit maturity parameters and anthocyanins in two highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars (Misty and Sharpblue). This device measures an Index of Absorbance Difference (I AD ), which showed high correlations with fruit quality parameters in other fruit crops. We found positive but differential correlations between I AD values and fruit anthocyanins, which was higher for Misty (r = 0.970, p≤0.01) than for Sharpblue (r = 0.714, p>0.05). Interestingly, Cherry-Meter measurements were also correlated with solid soluble concentrations (r = 0.685, p≤0.01) and fruit firmness (r = -0.714, p≤0.01), but only in Sharpblue. For both cultivars, I AD values were also significantly (p≤0.01) related with fruit FW (0.447 for Sharpblue and 0.559 for Misty). The High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) data indicated that I AD variations were associated with significant changes in single berry anthocyanidins levels. These findings are the first approach, highlighting the potentialities of Cherry-Meter for the non-destructive assessment of fruit maturity and anthocyanidin profile in blueberries.

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“…Photosynthetically active chlorophyll content and postharvest quality related maturity changes can be determined by the use of chlorophyll fluorescence analysis [10,11] and the measurement of DA-value (index of absorbance difference, IAD) by a DA-meter [3,12,13,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive postharvest maturity evaluation of golden delicious apple

Zsom-Muha¹,

Ember²,

Hitka³

et al. 2017

HAE

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The aim of our work was the non-invasive maturity determination of Golden Delicious apples during 35 days long cold (2°C) and shelf-life storage (20°C). Significant difference was found between cold and at 20°C stored samples in case of mass loss, acoustic stiffness coefficient, RGB color parameters and chlorophyll content related parameters (IAD, F0, FM, FV/FM). The DA-value and the chlorophyll fluorescence values did not show significant differences between the blushed and shaded sides of the samples. All the applied non-invasive measuring methods were found to be suitable for the detection of postharvest maturation related quality changes of apple.

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Utilizing the IAD index to determine internal quality attributes of apples at harvest and after storage

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

A Study on the Potential of IAD as a Surrogate Index of Quality and Storability in cv. ‘Gala’ Apple Fruit

A Study on the Potential of IAD as a Surrogate Index of Quality and Storability in cv. ‘Gala’ Apple Fruit

Non-destructive Assessment of Highbush Blueberry Fruit Maturity Parameters and Anthocyanins by Using a Visible/Near Infrared (vis/NIR) Spectroscopy Device: A Preliminary Approach

Non-destructive postharvest maturity evaluation of golden delicious apple

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