“…Initially, the effects of digital technologies on education were relatively minor as generic technologies had limited usefulness in the classroom or the work of teachers (Cuban, 2001). However, in recent years, digital technologies specifically designed for education or with greater utility in the classroom, such as presentation software, learning management systems (LMS), student response systems (SRS), and game-based learning platforms (GBLP), have begun to play prominent role in education (Moorhouse & Beaumont, 2020a;Tay et al, 2017;Voogt et al, 2018), while teachers' administrative responsibilities are also becoming increasingly digitised (Shah, 2014). These changes have coincided with the development of internet-ready, handheld devices, such as tablets, and Wi-Fi connectivity, meaning teachers no longer need to take students to computer labs or to use expensive laptops; rather, they can utilise the handheld devices in the classroom (Hockly & Dudeney, 2018).…”