UV and Skin: Photocarcinogenesis

Oak, Allen S.W.; Athar, Mohammad; Yusuf, Nabiha; Elmets, Craig A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-43102-4_8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 265 publications

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“…The activation of NF-κB regulates almost all the gene products of inflammation (IL-1, IL-6, COX-2, 5-lipoxygenase), as well as proliferation, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis genes (VEGF, adhesion molecules, TWIST, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), matrix metalloproteases (MMP)) [33]. Peritoneal injury, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cellular oxidative stress or cell necrosis result in the extracellular release of nuclear high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein and the activation of NF-κB.…”

Section: Role Of Damp Receptors and Nf-κbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reprogramming of Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Chronic Peritoneal Diseases by Estrogen Receptor Modulation and TGF-β1 Inhibition

Wilson

Archid²,

Reymond³

2020

IJMS

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In chronic peritoneal diseases, mesothelial-mesenchymal transition is determined by cues from the extracellular environment rather than just the cellular genome. The transformation of peritoneal mesothelial cells and other host cells into myofibroblasts is mediated by cell membrane receptors, Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1), Src and Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). This article provides a narrative review of the reprogramming of mesothelial mesenchymal transition in chronic peritoneal diseases, drawing on the similarities in pathophysiology between encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis and peritoneal metastasis, with a particular focus on TGF-β1 signaling and estrogen receptor modulators. Estrogen receptors act at the cell membrane/cytosol as tyrosine kinases that can phosphorylate Src, in a similar way to other receptor tyrosine kinases; or can activate the estrogen response element via nuclear translocation. Tamoxifen can modulate estrogen membrane receptors, and has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT), peritoneal mesothelial cell migration, stromal fibrosis, and neoangiogenesis in the treatment of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis, with a known side effect and safety profile. The ability of tamoxifen to inhibit the transduction pathways of TGF-β1 and HIF and achieve a quiescent peritoneal stroma makes it a potential candidate for use in cancer treatments. This is relevant to tumors that spread to the peritoneum, particularly those with mesenchymal phenotypes, such as colorectal CMS4 and MSS/EMT gastric cancers, and pancreatic cancer with its desmoplastic stroma. Morphological changes observed during mesothelial mesenchymal transition can be treated with estrogen receptor modulation and TGF-β1 inhibition, which may enable the regression of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis and peritoneal metastasis.

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Section: Role Of Damp Receptors and Nf-κbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reprogramming of Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Chronic Peritoneal Diseases by Estrogen Receptor Modulation and TGF-β1 Inhibition

Wilson

Archid²,

Reymond³

2020

IJMS

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“…The skin is a physical and microbiological barrier that provides the body with protection, sensations, and thermal isolation. Its frequent cell replacement, wide surface area, and consequent exposure to environmental risk factors render it a very susceptible tissue for cancer development (Apalla et al, 2017a;Oak et al, 2018). There are two types of skin cancer: melanoma, which is the most aggressive and occurs in melanocytes, and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), which develop in keratinocytes in the epidermal basal layer (basal cell carcinoma) or spinous layer (epidermoid carcinoma) (Real and López, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although NMSC have low mortality rates, their incidence is 18-20 times higher than melanoma (Apalla et al, 2017b;Sung et al, 2021) and their exclusion from large cancer registers results in limited epidemiological data. The rise in the incidence of skin cancer is strongly associated with occupational and recreational activities that involve exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and with the decay of the ozone layer (Gordon, 2013;Oak et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells

Castañeda¹,

Bravo²,

Cortés³

et al. 2023

J Appl Biomed

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Skin cancer has high rates of mortality and therapeutic failure. In this study, to develop a multi-agent strategy for skin cancer management, the selective cytotoxicity of several alkaloid fractions and pure alkaloids isolated from Amaryllidaceae species was evaluated in melanoma cells. In addition, UVB-stimulated keratinocytes (HaCaT) were exposed to seven alkaloid fractions characterized by GC-MS, and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and IL-6, were measured to evaluate their photoprotection effects. The Eucharis caucana (bulb) alkaloid fraction (20 μg/ml) had a clear effect on the viability of melanoma cells, reducing it by 45.7% without affecting healthy keratinocytes. This alkaloid fraction and tazettine (both at 2.5 μg/ml) suppressed UVB-induced ROS production by 31.6% and 29.4%, respectively. The highest anti-inflammatory potential was shown by the Zephyranthes carinata (bulb) alkaloid fraction (10 μg/ml), which reduced IL-6 production by 90.8%. According to the chemometric analysis, lycoramine and tazettine had a photoprotective effect on the UVB-exposed HaCaT cells, attenuating the production of ROS and IL-6. These results suggest that Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have photoprotective and therapeutic potential in skin cancer management, especially at low concentrations.

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“…on account of flavonoid presence while in this category, legumes are also included owing to isoflavones and its precursors components presence such as daidzein and genistein (Ahn-Jarvis et al, 2019). Equol (4,7-isoflavandiol), a flavonoid subcomponent have immunomodulatory characteristics (Oak et al,2017) actually induced by a putative epidermal mediator i.e., cisurocanic acid indicating its potential protective action against the dangerous UV radiations (Liu et al, 2015) . A view point of the current study distinguished the Tagetes sp.…”

Section: Sun Protection Factor (Spf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Surface Methodology and SPF Determined the Photo-Protective Capacity of Tagetes Patula Against Uv-B Radiations

Kushwaha,

Katiyar,

Verma

et al. 2023

PLANT ARCHIVES

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The present study investigates the solar radiation protective competency in Tagetes patula extract. The Tagetes extract can be used as therapeutic remedy against the harmful erythemal solar-rays and protect soft & sensitive skin from sun tanning and sun poisoning. Tagetes extract have been treated combinedly with ultrasonication and ethanol followed by filtration. Filtered ethanol extract diluted in a significant quantity of ethanol and undergone for UV-spectrophotometer analysis, where ethanol was used as a reference. Finally, the Mansur equation evaluates the significant sun protection factor (SPF) value of Tagetes patula extract. This study demonstrated the Tagetes patula extract have a remarkable tendency to reflect the harmful solar UV-B rays. Tagetes patula flower and leaf extract had showed the significant sun protection factor value, reflected as (SPF-30) and (SPF-12), respectively. However, the Response surface methodology significantly establishes the correlation between the reflection and photon energy. The studied erythemal factor have been optimized and evaluated through the optimization plot and shows the significant positive correlation between the reflectance and erythemal response factors. In addition, Tagetes patula leaves (NRL) and (NRF) flower extract has application on UV-exposed skin, and help to prevent the skin tissues and cure the sensitive skin from harmful effect of the UV-B rays. This study concluded that NRF extract of Tagetes patula had found greater competency and compatible than NRL extract, in terms of reflectivity and SPF property.

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UV and Skin: Photocarcinogenesis

Cited by 5 publications

References 265 publications

Reprogramming of Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Chronic Peritoneal Diseases by Estrogen Receptor Modulation and TGF-β1 Inhibition

Reprogramming of Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Chronic Peritoneal Diseases by Estrogen Receptor Modulation and TGF-β1 Inhibition

Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells

Response Surface Methodology and SPF Determined the Photo-Protective Capacity of Tagetes Patula Against Uv-B Radiations

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