UV-induced excess loss of Er- and Si-nanocrystal co-doped silica waveguide for optical amplifier

Erbium-Doped Silicon-Rich Oxide Waveguides

“…While there have been numerous studies of luminescence optimization for Er-SiNC systems, relatively little work has been reported on waveguide development [11][12][13][14]. Thus, while early reports [14] of gain in transversely pumped amplifiers continue to motivate research in this area, there is considerable uncertainty with respect to the optimization of waveguide devices.…”

“…It is well known [11][12][13] that carrier-induced absorption (free or confined carrier absorption, FCA or CCA) can negate all potential advantages of these material systems. Some researchers have reported the absence of this impairment [14], while others have extracted FCA cross-sections similar to those in bulk silicon (for which FCA is a severe impairment).…”