UV Light-Induced Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antimicrobial Properties of Cellulose Fabric Modified by 3,3′,4,4′-Benzophenone Tetracarboxylic Acid

Abstract

3,3',4,4'-Benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid (BPTCA) could directly react with hydroxyl groups on cellulose to form ester bonds. The modified cotton fabrics not only provided good wrinkle-free and ultraviolet (UV) protective functions, but also exhibited important photochemical properties such as producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydroxyl radicals (HO(•)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under UV light exposure. The amounts of the produced hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide were measured, and photochemical reactive mechanism of the BPTCA treated cellulose was discussed. The results reveal that the fabrics possess good washing durability in generation of hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide. The cotton fabrics modified with different concentrations of BPTCA and cured at an elevated temperature demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activities, which provided 99.99% antibacterial activities against both E. coli and S. aureus. The advanced materials have potential applications in medical textiles and biological material fields.

UV‐Triggered Polymerization, Deposition, and Patterning of Plant Phenolic Compounds

“…Having shown that UV irradiation can accelerate polymerization of the phenolic compounds, additional experiments were performed in order to investigate the mechanistic aspects of the UV‐induced transformation. It is known that reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), superoxide radicals (O 2 −• ), or highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (•OH) can be generated under UV irradiation even in the presence of traces of O 2 . Previously, we reported the importance of ROS in the case of UV‐induced dopamine polymerization .…”

Electrospun antibacterial poly(vinyl alcohol)/Ag nanoparticles membrane grafted with 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid for efficient air filtration

“…H 2 O 2 produced over composite membranes was quantified by the method reported by Hou et al and another indirect spectrophotometric method detailed in the Standard Operating Procedure: Procedure for Analyzing Hydrogen Peroxide Concentrations in Water (Procedure No: GSI/SOP/BS/RA/C/7, Issue Date: June 15, 2009) [14] . A 5-mg membrane sample was placed in deionized water (5 mL) and exposed to daylight or dark conditions for a certain time.…”

“…Notably, BPTCA aqueous solutions can be directly used in fiber membrane processing and react with hydroxyl groups in the presence of sodium hypophosphite as a catalyst to form esters [11] , [13] . The ability of BPTA to promote ROS (e.g., HO⋅ and H 2 O 2 ) generation both upon irradiation with light and under dim light/dark conditions results in “always-on” bactericidal activity, as the thus produced ROS rapidly destroy DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids to induce bacterial death and virus inactivation [11] , [14] . Polymer nanocomposites are superior functional materials comprising nanoparticles coated on a polymer matrix or dispersed therein [15] .…”

Application of Enriched Fraction of Seabuckthorn Leaf Extract as Antimicrobial Finish on Technical Textile

“…The treatment should be durable to washing, dry cleaning, hot pressing and compatible with textile chemical finishing processes such as dyeing and also it has to be cost effective 13 . A number of chemicals such as, benzophenone, organometallics, iodophors (substances that slowly release iodine), phenols and thiophenols, metallic salts, antibiotics, heterocyclics with anionic groups, nitro compounds, ureas and related compounds, formaldehyde derivatives and amines [14][15][16] have been employed to impart antimicrobial activity to textiles. Many of these chemicals, however, are toxic to humans and do not easily degrade in the environment.…”