UVB Radiation Affects Growth, Reproduction and Tissue Structure of <i>Daphnia magna</i> Across Several Temperatures

Huebner, Judith D.; Loadman, N. L.; Wiegand, Murray D.; Huebner, Erwin; Palitsky, Daniel; Husarewycz, William H.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01197.x

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Similar life-history effects of UV exposure have been reported for other aquatic taxa, including amphibians (e.g. Pahkala, Laurila & Meril€ a 2001;Pahkala et al 2003) and cladocerans (Huebner et al 2013). The delayed metamorphosis at a smaller mass seems to conflict with the absence of UV effects on the larval growth rates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

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Larval UV exposure impairs adult immune function through a trade‐off with larval investment in cuticular melanin

et al. 2015

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Summary Despite the strong impact of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on invertebrates, it is unknown whether it affects immune function across metamorphosis. More generally, the mechanisms on how larval stressors bridge metamorphosis and shape adult fitness in animals with a complex life cycle remain poorly understood. We studied whether cuticular melanin content is upregulated under UV exposure in the larval stage of the damselfly Coenagrion puella and whether this is traded off across metamorphosis against a key component of the invertebrate immune response, the melanotic encapsulation response, in the adult stage. Larvae exposed to UV increased the melanin content in their exoskeleton and metamorphosed later and at a smaller mass than animals reared without UV. Across metamorphosis, this was associated with a reduced melanotic encapsulation response, thereby constituting the first proof for a UV‐driven impaired immune response in an invertebrate. The demonstrated costs of UV exposure in terms of age and mass at metamorphosis and reduced adult immune response likely translate into reduced adult fitness. Path analysis indicated that the immunosuppressive property of larval UV exposure was not mediated by age and mass at metamorphosis, but instead that the adult immune response was traded off against larval cuticular melanin investment. Melanin‐based trade‐off across metamorphosis provides a new pathway by which effects of larval stressors are carried over to the adult stage and thereby advances our understanding of the still largely enigmatic mechanisms of carryover effects of larval stressors across metamorphosis. Given the mechanistic basis, this carryover effect of larval UV exposure on adult immune function is expected to be general and may constitute a widespread and important cost of UV exposure in invertebrates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…) and cladocerans (Huebner et al . ). The delayed metamorphosis at a smaller mass seems to conflict with the absence of UV effects on the larval growth rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Larval UV exposure impairs adult immune function through a trade‐off with larval investment in cuticular melanin

et al. 2015

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“…Similar UV‐induced fitness costs have been previously documented in D. magna (e.g. Borgeraas & Hessen, ; Huebner et al ., ) and many other aquatic organisms (reviewed in Bancroft et al ., ; Rautio & Tartarotti, ). ROS‐induced oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA can lead to apoptosis and thereby explain reductions in fertility and survival rates (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid evolution of antioxidant defence in a natural population of Daphnia magna

Oexle

Jansen

Pauwels

et al. 2016

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Natural populations can cope with rapid changes in stressors by relying on sets of physiological defence mechanisms. Little is known onto what extent these physiological responses reflect plasticity and/or genetic adaptation, evolve in the same direction and result in an increased defence ability. Using resurrection ecology, we studied how a natural Daphnia magna population adjusted its antioxidant defence to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) during a period with increasing incident UVR reaching the water surface. We demonstrate a rapid evolution of the induction patterns of key antioxidant enzymes under UVR exposure in the laboratory. Notably, evolutionary changes strongly differed among enzymes and mainly involved the evolution of UV-induced plasticity. Whereas D. magna evolved a strong plastic up-regulation of glutathione peroxidase under UVR, it evolved a lower plastic up-regulation of glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase and a plastic down-regulation of catalase. The differentially evolved antioxidant strategies were collectively equally effective in dealing with oxidative stress because they resulted in the same high levels of oxidative damage (to lipids, proteins and DNA) and lowered fitness (intrinsic growth rate) under UVR exposure. The lack of better protection against UVR may suggest that the UVR exposure did not increase between both periods. Predator-induced evolution to migrate to lower depths that occurred during the same period may have contributed to the evolved defence strategy. Our results highlight the need for a multiple trait approach when focusing on the evolution of defence mechanisms.

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“…It has been demonstrated that UV radiation affects cladocerans in several ways, such as reducing the number of offspring [24, 67, 68], changing swimming behavior [32, 69, 70], and causing visceral [71] and DNA damage [68, 72]. Some metabolic and physiological effects of sub-lethal UV doses on cladoceran species have also been noted, such as decreased/increased respiration rates [73], reduced activities of digestive enzymes, and reduced residence time of algae in the gut [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is unlikely that increased UVB doses will affect zooplankton mortality rates dramatically in nature. Sub-lethal damages, on the other hand, are likely more important than lethal effects, and may affect zooplankton in more subtle ways reducing their fitness [24, 25, 41]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UVB radiation on grazing of two cladocerans from high-altitude Andean lakes

Fernández

Rejas

2017

PLoS ONE

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Climate change and water extraction may result in increased exposition of the biota to ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) in high-altitude Andean lakes. Although exposition to lethal doses in these lakes is unlikely, sub-lethal UVB doses may have strong impacts in key compartments such as zooplankton. Here, we aimed at determining the effect of sub-lethal UVB doses on filtration rates of two cladoceran species (Daphnia pulicaria and Ceriodaphnia dubia). We firstly estimated the Incipient Limiting Concentration (ILC) and the Gut Passage Time (GPT) for both species. Thereafter we exposed clones of each species to four increasing UVB doses (treatments): i) DUV-0 (Control), ii) DUV-1 (0.02 MJ m2), iii) DUV-2 (0.03 MJ m2) and iv) DUV-3 (0.15 MJ m2); and estimated their filtration rates using fluorescent micro-spheres. Our results suggest that increasing sub-lethal doses of UVB radiation may strongly disturb the structure and functioning of high-altitude Andean lakes. Filtration rates of D. pulicaria were not affected by the lowest dose applied (DUV-1), but decreased by 50% in treatments DUV-2 and DUV-3. Filtration rates for C. dubia were reduced by more than 80% in treatments DUV-1 and DUV-2 and 100% of mortality occurred at the highest UVB dose applied (DUV-3).

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UVB Radiation Affects Growth, Reproduction and Tissue Structure of Daphnia magna Across Several Temperatures

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Larval UV exposure impairs adult immune function through a trade‐off with larval investment in cuticular melanin

Larval UV exposure impairs adult immune function through a trade‐off with larval investment in cuticular melanin

Rapid evolution of antioxidant defence in a natural population of Daphnia magna

Effects of UVB radiation on grazing of two cladocerans from high-altitude Andean lakes

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